July 2025 - Linux-stable-mirror

[stable-6.1] x86: Fix X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR definition

by Jack Wang

This is a mistake during backport. VERW_CLEAR is on bit 5, not bit 10. Fixes: d12145e8454f ("x86/bugs: Add a Transient Scheduler Attacks mitigation") Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp(a)alien8.de> Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang(a)ionos.com> --- arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h index 1c71f947b426..6f6ea3b9a95e 100644 --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h @@ -429,8 +429,8 @@ #define X86_FEATURE_V_TSC_AUX (19*32+ 9) /* "" Virtual TSC_AUX */ #define X86_FEATURE_SME_COHERENT (19*32+10) /* "" AMD hardware-enforced cache coherency */ +#define X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR (20*32+ 5) /* "" The memory form of VERW mitigates TSA */ #define X86_FEATURE_AUTOIBRS (20*32+ 8) /* "" Automatic IBRS */ -#define X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR (20*32+ 10) /* "" The memory form of VERW mitigates TSA */ #define X86_FEATURE_SBPB (20*32+27) /* "" Selective Branch Prediction Barrier */ #define X86_FEATURE_IBPB_BRTYPE (20*32+28) /* "" MSR_PRED_CMD[IBPB] flushes all branch type predictions */ #define X86_FEATURE_SRSO_NO (20*32+29) /* "" CPU is not affected by SRSO */ -- 2.43.0

1 month, 1 week

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[stable-5.15] x86: Fix X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR definition

by Jack Wang

This is a mistake during backport. VERW_CLEAR is on bit 5, not bit 10. Fixes: f2b75f1368af ("x86/bugs: Add a Transient Scheduler Attacks mitigation") Cc: Borislav Petkov (AMD) <bp(a)alien8.de> Signed-off-by: Jack Wang <jinpu.wang(a)ionos.com> --- arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h index 63b84540cfb3..b8d945d8d34f 100644 --- a/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h +++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h @@ -418,8 +418,8 @@ #define X86_FEATURE_SEV_ES (19*32+ 3) /* AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization - Encrypted State */ #define X86_FEATURE_SME_COHERENT (19*32+10) /* "" AMD hardware-enforced cache coherency */ +#define X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR (20*32+ 5) /* "" The memory form of VERW mitigates TSA */ #define X86_FEATURE_AUTOIBRS (20*32+ 8) /* "" Automatic IBRS */ -#define X86_FEATURE_VERW_CLEAR (20*32+ 10) /* "" The memory form of VERW mitigates TSA */ #define X86_FEATURE_SBPB (20*32+27) /* "" Selective Branch Prediction Barrier */ #define X86_FEATURE_IBPB_BRTYPE (20*32+28) /* "" MSR_PRED_CMD[IBPB] flushes all branch type predictions */ #define X86_FEATURE_SRSO_NO (20*32+29) /* "" CPU is not affected by SRSO */ -- 2.43.0

1 month, 1 week

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TSA mitigation doesn't work on 6.6.y

by Thomas Voegtle

Hello, with kernel v6.16-rc5-121-gbc9ff192a6c9 I see this: cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/tsa Mitigation: Clear CPU buffers dmesg | grep micro [ 1.479203] microcode: Current revision: 0x0a20102e [ 1.479206] microcode: Updated early from: 0x0a201016 So, this works. but same machine with 6.6.97: dmesg | grep micro [ 0.451496] Transient Scheduler Attacks: Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode [ 1.077149] microcode: Current revision: 0x0a20102e [ 1.077152] microcode: Updated early from: 0x0a201016 so: cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/tsa Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode but it is switched on: zcat /proc/config.gz | grep TSA CONFIG_MITIGATION_TSA=y And other stuff which need microcode works: cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/vulnerabilities/spec_rstack_overflow Mitigation: Safe RET without microcode you wwould see: Vulnerable: Safe RET, no microcode 6.12.37 broken too 6.15.6 works v6.16-rc5-121-gbc9ff192a6c9 works This is a: processor : 11 vendor_id : AuthenticAMD cpu family : 25 model : 33 model name : AMD Ryzen 5 5600X 6-Core Processor stepping : 0 microcode : 0xa20102e Is something missing in 6.6.y and 6.12.y? Thomas

1 month, 1 week

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[REGRESSION]: fwd: regression in 6.15.5: KVM guest launch FAILSs with missing CPU feature error (sbpb, ibpb-brtype)

by pgnd

(already submitted @ Fedora; advised to post here to upstream as well) -------- Forwarded Message -------- Subject: regression in 6.15.5: KVM guest launch FAILSs with missing CPU feature error (sbpb, ibpb-brtype) Date: Sun, 13 Jul 2025 17:37:57 -0400 From: pgnd <pgnd(a)dev-mail.net> Reply-To: pgnd(a)dev-mail.net To: kernel(a)lists.fedoraproject.org i'm seeing a regression on Fedora 42 kernel 6.15.4 -> 6.15.5 on AMD Ryzen 5 5600G host (x86_64) kvm guests that launch ok under kernels 6.15.[3,4] fail with the following error when attempting to autostart under 6.15.5: internal error: Failed to autostart VM: operation failed: guest CPU doesn't match specification: missing features: sbpb,ibpb-brtype no changes made to libvirt, qemu, or VM defs between kernel versions. re-booting to old kernel versions restores expected behavior. maybe related (?) to recent changes in AMD CPU feature exposure / mitigation handling in kernel 6.15.5? i've opened a bug: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2379784

1 month, 1 week

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[PATCH] spi: Add check for 8-bit transfer with 8 IO mode support

by Cheng Ming Lin

From: Cheng Ming Lin <chengminglin(a)mxic.com.tw> The current SPI framework does not verify if the SPI device supports 8 IO mode when doing an 8-bit transfer. This patch adds a check to ensure that if the transfer tx_nbits or rx_nbits is 8, the SPI mode must support 8 IO. If not, an error is returned, preventing undefined behavior. Fixes: d6a711a898672 ("spi: Fix OCTAL mode support") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Cheng Ming Lin <chengminglin(a)mxic.com.tw> --- drivers/spi/spi.c | 14 ++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/spi/spi.c b/drivers/spi/spi.c index 1bc0fdbb1bd7..0ffa3f9f2870 100644 --- a/drivers/spi/spi.c +++ b/drivers/spi/spi.c @@ -4138,10 +4138,13 @@ static int __spi_validate(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message) xfer->tx_nbits != SPI_NBITS_OCTAL) return -EINVAL; if ((xfer->tx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_DUAL) && - !(spi->mode & (SPI_TX_DUAL | SPI_TX_QUAD))) + !(spi->mode & (SPI_TX_DUAL | SPI_TX_QUAD | SPI_TX_OCTAL))) return -EINVAL; if ((xfer->tx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_QUAD) && - !(spi->mode & SPI_TX_QUAD)) + !(spi->mode & (SPI_TX_QUAD | SPI_TX_OCTAL))) + return -EINVAL; + if ((xfer->tx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_OCTAL) && + !(spi->mode & SPI_TX_OCTAL)) return -EINVAL; } /* Check transfer rx_nbits */ @@ -4154,10 +4157,13 @@ static int __spi_validate(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *message) xfer->rx_nbits != SPI_NBITS_OCTAL) return -EINVAL; if ((xfer->rx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_DUAL) && - !(spi->mode & (SPI_RX_DUAL | SPI_RX_QUAD))) + !(spi->mode & (SPI_RX_DUAL | SPI_RX_QUAD | SPI_RX_OCTAL))) return -EINVAL; if ((xfer->rx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_QUAD) && - !(spi->mode & SPI_RX_QUAD)) + !(spi->mode & (SPI_RX_QUAD | SPI_RX_OCTAL))) + return -EINVAL; + if ((xfer->rx_nbits == SPI_NBITS_OCTAL) && + !(spi->mode & SPI_RX_OCTAL)) return -EINVAL; } -- 2.25.1

1 month, 1 week

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[RFC V1 PATCH mm-hotfixes 1/3] mm: introduce and use {pgd,p4d}_populate_kernel()

by Harry Yoo

Intrdocue and use {pgd,p4d}_pouplate_kernel() in core MM code when populating PGD and P4D entries corresponding to the kernel address space. The main purpose of these helpers is to ensure synchronization of the kernel portion of the top-level page tables whenever such an entry is populated. Until now, the kernel has relied on each architecture to handle synchronization of top-level page tables in an ad-hoc manner. For example, see commit 9b861528a801 ("x86-64, mem: Update all PGDs for direct mapping and vmemmap mapping changes"). However, this approach has proven fragile, as it's easy to forget to perform the necessary synchronization when introducing new changes. To address this, introduce _kernel() varients of the page table population helpers that invoke architecture-specific hooks to properly synchronize the page tables. For now, it only targets x86_64, so only PGD and P4D level helpers are introduced. In theory, PUD and PMD level helpers can be added later if needed by other architectures. Currently it is no-op as no arch defines __HAVE_ARCH_SYNC_KERNEL_PGTABLES. Cc: <stable(a)vger.kernel.org> Suggested-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen(a)linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo(a)oracle.com> --- include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h | 4 ++++ include/linux/pgalloc.h | 0 mm/kasan/init.c | 10 +++++----- mm/percpu.c | 4 ++-- mm/sparse-vmemmap.c | 4 ++-- 5 files changed, 13 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-) create mode 100644 include/linux/pgalloc.h diff --git a/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h b/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h index 3c8ec3bfea44..6cac1ce64e01 100644 --- a/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h +++ b/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h @@ -295,6 +295,10 @@ static inline void pgd_free(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd) __pgd_free(mm, pgd); } #endif +#ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_SYNC_KERNEL_PGTABLE +#define pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p4d) pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p4d) +#define p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, pud) p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, pud) +#endif #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */ diff --git a/include/linux/pgalloc.h b/include/linux/pgalloc.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..e69de29bb2d1 diff --git a/mm/kasan/init.c b/mm/kasan/init.c index ced6b29fcf76..43de820ee282 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/init.c +++ b/mm/kasan/init.c @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ static int __ref zero_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, pud_t *pud; pmd_t *pmd; - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_pud)); pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static int __ref zero_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, } else { p = early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, NUMA_NO_NODE); pud_init(p); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, p); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, p); } } zero_pud_populate(p4d, addr, next); @@ -251,10 +251,10 @@ int __ref kasan_populate_early_shadow(const void *shadow_start, * puds,pmds, so pgd_populate(), pud_populate() * is noops. */ - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_p4d)); p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_pud)); pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ int __ref kasan_populate_early_shadow(const void *shadow_start, if (!p) return -ENOMEM; } else { - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, NUMA_NO_NODE)); } } diff --git a/mm/percpu.c b/mm/percpu.c index 782cc148b39c..57450a03c432 100644 --- a/mm/percpu.c +++ b/mm/percpu.c @@ -3134,13 +3134,13 @@ void __init __weak pcpu_populate_pte(unsigned long addr) if (pgd_none(*pgd)) { p4d = memblock_alloc_or_panic(P4D_TABLE_SIZE, P4D_TABLE_SIZE); - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p4d); + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p4d); } p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr); if (p4d_none(*p4d)) { pud = memblock_alloc_or_panic(PUD_TABLE_SIZE, PUD_TABLE_SIZE); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, pud); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, pud); } pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); diff --git a/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c b/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c index fd2ab5118e13..e275310ac708 100644 --- a/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c +++ b/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ p4d_t * __meminit vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, int node) if (!p) return NULL; pud_init(p); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, p); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, p); } return p4d; } @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ pgd_t * __meminit vmemmap_pgd_populate(unsigned long addr, int node) void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node); if (!p) return NULL; - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p); + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p); } return pgd; } -- 2.43.0

1 month, 1 week

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Linux 6.12.38

by Greg Kroah-Hartman

I'm announcing the release of the 6.12.38 kernel. Only users of AMD x86-based processors need to upgrade, all others may skip this release. The updated 6.12.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git linux-6.12.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git;a=summary thanks, greg k-h ------------ Makefile | 2 +- arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c | 1 + 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) Borislav Petkov (AMD) (1): x86/CPU/AMD: Properly check the TSA microcode Greg Kroah-Hartman (1): Linux 6.12.38

1 month, 1 week

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Linux 6.6.98

by Greg Kroah-Hartman

I'm announcing the release of the 6.6.98 kernel. Only users of AMD x86-based processors need to upgrade, all others may skip this release. The updated 6.6.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git linux-6.6.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git;a=summary thanks, greg k-h ------------ Makefile | 2 +- arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c | 1 + 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) Borislav Petkov (AMD) (1): x86/CPU/AMD: Properly check the TSA microcode Greg Kroah-Hartman (1): Linux 6.6.98

1 month, 1 week

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Linux 6.1.145

by Greg Kroah-Hartman

I'm announcing the release of the 6.1.145 kernel. Only users of AMD x86-based processors need to upgrade, all others may skip this release. The updated 6.1.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git linux-6.1.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git;a=summary thanks, greg k-h ------------ Makefile | 2 +- arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c | 5 +++-- 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) Borislav Petkov (AMD) (1): x86/CPU/AMD: Properly check the TSA microcode Greg Kroah-Hartman (1): Linux 6.1.145

1 month, 1 week

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Linux 5.15.188

by Greg Kroah-Hartman

I'm announcing the release of the 5.15.188 kernel. Only users of AMD x86-based processors need to upgrade, all others may skip this release. The updated 5.15.y git tree can be found at: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git linux-5.15.y and can be browsed at the normal kernel.org git web browser: https://git.kernel.org/?p=linux/kernel/git/stable/linux-stable.git;a=summary thanks, greg k-h ------------ Makefile | 2 +- arch/x86/kernel/cpu/amd.c | 5 +++-- 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) Borislav Petkov (AMD) (1): x86/CPU/AMD: Properly check the TSA microcode Greg Kroah-Hartman (1): Linux 5.15.188

1 month, 1 week

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