From: Steve Wahl steve.wahl@hpe.com
commit 2aa85f246c181b1fa89f27e8e20c5636426be624 upstream.
Our hardware (UV aka Superdome Flex) has address ranges marked reserved by the BIOS. Access to these ranges is caught as an error, causing the BIOS to halt the system.
Initial page tables mapped a large range of physical addresses that were not checked against the list of BIOS reserved addresses, and sometimes included reserved addresses in part of the mapped range. Including the reserved range in the map allowed processor speculative accesses to the reserved range, triggering a BIOS halt.
Used early in booting, the page table level2_kernel_pgt addresses 1 GiB divided into 2 MiB pages, and it was set up to linearly map a full 1 GiB of physical addresses that included the physical address range of the kernel image, as chosen by KASLR. But this also included a large range of unused addresses on either side of the kernel image. And unlike the kernel image's physical address range, this extra mapped space was not checked against the BIOS tables of usable RAM addresses. So there were times when the addresses chosen by KASLR would result in processor accessible mappings of BIOS reserved physical addresses.
The kernel code did not directly access any of this extra mapped space, but having it mapped allowed the processor to issue speculative accesses into reserved memory, causing system halts.
This was encountered somewhat rarely on a normal system boot, and much more often when starting the crash kernel if "crashkernel=512M,high" was specified on the command line (this heavily restricts the physical address of the crash kernel, in our case usually within 1 GiB of reserved space).
The solution is to invalidate the pages of this table outside the kernel image's space before the page table is activated. It fixes this problem on our hardware.
[ bp: Touchups. ]
Signed-off-by: Steve Wahl steve.wahl@hpe.com Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov bp@suse.de Acked-by: Dave Hansen dave.hansen@linux.intel.com Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com Cc: Baoquan He bhe@redhat.com Cc: Brijesh Singh brijesh.singh@amd.com Cc: dimitri.sivanich@hpe.com Cc: Feng Tang feng.tang@intel.com Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" hpa@zytor.com Cc: Ingo Molnar mingo@redhat.com Cc: Jordan Borgner mail@jordan-borgner.de Cc: Juergen Gross jgross@suse.com Cc: mike.travis@hpe.com Cc: russ.anderson@hpe.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Cc: Thomas Gleixner tglx@linutronix.de Cc: x86-ml x86@kernel.org Cc: Zhenzhong Duan zhenzhong.duan@oracle.com Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/9c011ee51b081534a7a15065b1681d200298b530.156935853... Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman gregkh@linuxfoundation.org
--- arch/x86/kernel/head64.c | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
--- a/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/head64.c @@ -222,13 +222,31 @@ unsigned long __head __startup_64(unsign * we might write invalid pmds, when the kernel is relocated * cleanup_highmap() fixes this up along with the mappings * beyond _end. + * + * Only the region occupied by the kernel image has so far + * been checked against the table of usable memory regions + * provided by the firmware, so invalidate pages outside that + * region. A page table entry that maps to a reserved area of + * memory would allow processor speculation into that area, + * and on some hardware (particularly the UV platform) even + * speculative access to some reserved areas is caught as an + * error, causing the BIOS to halt the system. */
pmd = fixup_pointer(level2_kernel_pgt, physaddr); - for (i = 0; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++) { + + /* invalidate pages before the kernel image */ + for (i = 0; i < pmd_index((unsigned long)_text); i++) + pmd[i] &= ~_PAGE_PRESENT; + + /* fixup pages that are part of the kernel image */ + for (; i <= pmd_index((unsigned long)_end); i++) if (pmd[i] & _PAGE_PRESENT) pmd[i] += load_delta; - } + + /* invalidate pages after the kernel image */ + for (; i < PTRS_PER_PMD; i++) + pmd[i] &= ~_PAGE_PRESENT;
/* * Fixup phys_base - remove the memory encryption mask to obtain