From: Coly Li colyli@suse.de

Commit b1092c9af9ed ("bcache: allow quick writeback when backing idle") allows the writeback rate to be faster if there is no I/O request on a bcache device. It works well if there is only one bcache device attached to the cache set. If there are many bcache devices attached to a cache set, it may introduce performance regression because multiple faster writeback threads of the idle bcache devices will compete the btree level locks with the bcache device who have I/O requests coming.

This patch fixes the above issue by only permitting fast writebac when all bcache devices attached on the cache set are idle. And if one of the bcache devices has new I/O request coming, minimized all writeback throughput immediately and let PI controller __update_writeback_rate() to decide the upcoming writeback rate for each bcache device.

Also when all bcache devices are idle, limited wrieback rate to a small number is wast of thoughput, especially when backing devices are slower non-rotation devices (e.g. SATA SSD). This patch sets a max writeback rate for each backing device if the whole cache set is idle. A faster writeback rate in idle time means new I/Os may have more available space for dirty data, and people may observe a better write performance then.

Please note bcache may change its cache mode in run time, and this patch still works if the cache mode is switched from writeback mode and there is still dirty data on cache.

Fixes: Commit b1092c9af9ed ("bcache: allow quick writeback when backing idle") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org #4.16+ Signed-off-by: Coly Li colyli@suse.de Tested-by: Kai Krakow kai@kaishome.de Tested-by: Stefan Priebe s.priebe@profihost.ag Cc: Michael Lyle mlyle@lyle.org Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe axboe@kernel.dk (cherry picked from commit ea8c5356d39048bc94bae068228f51ddbecc6b89) Signed-off-by: Kai Krakow kai@kaishome.de --- drivers/md/bcache/bcache.h | 10 ++--- drivers/md/bcache/request.c | 54 ++++++++++++++++++++++++- drivers/md/bcache/super.c | 4 ++ drivers/md/bcache/sysfs.c | 14 +++++-- drivers/md/bcache/util.c | 2 +- drivers/md/bcache/util.h | 2 +- drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c | 91 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------- 7 files changed, 133 insertions(+), 44 deletions(-)

diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/bcache.h b/drivers/md/bcache/bcache.h index d6bf294f3907..6ba41887664a 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/bcache.h +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/bcache.h @@ -328,13 +328,6 @@ struct cached_dev { */ atomic_t has_dirty;

- /* - * Set to zero by things that touch the backing volume-- except - * writeback. Incremented by writeback. Used to determine when to - * accelerate idle writeback. - */ - atomic_t backing_idle; - struct bch_ratelimit writeback_rate; struct delayed_work writeback_rate_update;

@@ -514,6 +507,8 @@ struct cache_set { struct cache_accounting accounting;

unsigned long flags; + atomic_t idle_counter; + atomic_t at_max_writeback_rate;

struct cache_sb sb;

@@ -523,6 +518,7 @@ struct cache_set {

struct bcache_device **devices; unsigned devices_max_used; + atomic_t attached_dev_nr; struct list_head cached_devs; uint64_t cached_dev_sectors; struct closure caching; diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/request.c b/drivers/md/bcache/request.c index ae67f5fa8047..6e08eb89abee 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/request.c +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/request.c @@ -1102,6 +1102,44 @@ static void detached_dev_do_request(struct bcache_device *d, struct bio *bio) generic_make_request(bio); }

+static void quit_max_writeback_rate(struct cache_set *c, + struct cached_dev *this_dc) +{ + int i; + struct bcache_device *d; + struct cached_dev *dc; + + /* + * mutex bch_register_lock may compete with other parallel requesters, + * or attach/detach operations on other backing device. Waiting to + * the mutex lock may increase I/O request latency for seconds or more. + * To avoid such situation, if mutext_trylock() failed, only writeback + * rate of current cached device is set to 1, and __update_write_back() + * will decide writeback rate of other cached devices (remember now + * c->idle_counter is 0 already). + */ + if (mutex_trylock(&bch_register_lock)) { + for (i = 0; i < c->devices_max_used; i++) { + if (!c->devices[i]) + continue; + + if (UUID_FLASH_ONLY(&c->uuids[i])) + continue; + + d = c->devices[i]; + dc = container_of(d, struct cached_dev, disk); + /* + * set writeback rate to default minimum value, + * then let update_writeback_rate() to decide the + * upcoming rate. + */ + atomic_long_set(&dc->writeback_rate.rate, 1); + } + mutex_unlock(&bch_register_lock); + } else + atomic_long_set(&this_dc->writeback_rate.rate, 1); +} + /* Cached devices - read & write stuff */

static blk_qc_t cached_dev_make_request(struct request_queue *q, @@ -1119,7 +1157,21 @@ static blk_qc_t cached_dev_make_request(struct request_queue *q, return BLK_QC_T_NONE; }

- atomic_set(&dc->backing_idle, 0); + if (likely(d->c)) { + if (atomic_read(&d->c->idle_counter)) + atomic_set(&d->c->idle_counter, 0); + /* + * If at_max_writeback_rate of cache set is true and new I/O + * comes, quit max writeback rate of all cached devices + * attached to this cache set, and set at_max_writeback_rate + * to false. + */ + if (unlikely(atomic_read(&d->c->at_max_writeback_rate) == 1)) { + atomic_set(&d->c->at_max_writeback_rate, 0); + quit_max_writeback_rate(d->c, dc); + } + } + generic_start_io_acct(q, rw, bio_sectors(bio), &d->disk->part0);

bio_set_dev(bio, dc->bdev); diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/super.c b/drivers/md/bcache/super.c index fa4058e43202..dc7b6131ddbb 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/super.c +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/super.c @@ -696,6 +696,8 @@ static void bcache_device_detach(struct bcache_device *d) { lockdep_assert_held(&bch_register_lock);

+ atomic_dec(&d->c->attached_dev_nr); + if (test_bit(BCACHE_DEV_DETACHING, &d->flags)) { struct uuid_entry *u = d->c->uuids + d->id;

@@ -1138,6 +1140,7 @@ int bch_cached_dev_attach(struct cached_dev *dc, struct cache_set *c,

bch_cached_dev_run(dc); bcache_device_link(&dc->disk, c, "bdev"); + atomic_inc(&c->attached_dev_nr);

/* Allow the writeback thread to proceed */ up_write(&dc->writeback_lock); @@ -1687,6 +1690,7 @@ struct cache_set *bch_cache_set_alloc(struct cache_sb *sb) c->block_bits = ilog2(sb->block_size); c->nr_uuids = bucket_bytes(c) / sizeof(struct uuid_entry); c->devices_max_used = 0; + atomic_set(&c->attached_dev_nr, 0); c->btree_pages = bucket_pages(c); if (c->btree_pages > BTREE_MAX_PAGES) c->btree_pages = max_t(int, c->btree_pages / 4, diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/sysfs.c b/drivers/md/bcache/sysfs.c index 225b15aa0340..a56067e80b10 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/sysfs.c +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/sysfs.c @@ -170,7 +170,8 @@ SHOW(__bch_cached_dev) var_printf(writeback_running, "%i"); var_print(writeback_delay); var_print(writeback_percent); - sysfs_hprint(writeback_rate, dc->writeback_rate.rate << 9); + sysfs_hprint(writeback_rate, + atomic_long_read(&dc->writeback_rate.rate) << 9); sysfs_hprint(io_errors, atomic_read(&dc->io_errors)); sysfs_printf(io_error_limit, "%i", dc->error_limit); sysfs_printf(io_disable, "%i", dc->io_disable); @@ -188,7 +189,8 @@ SHOW(__bch_cached_dev) char change[20]; s64 next_io;

- bch_hprint(rate, dc->writeback_rate.rate << 9); + bch_hprint(rate, + atomic_long_read(&dc->writeback_rate.rate) << 9); bch_hprint(dirty, bcache_dev_sectors_dirty(&dc->disk) << 9); bch_hprint(target, dc->writeback_rate_target << 9); bch_hprint(proportional,dc->writeback_rate_proportional << 9); @@ -255,8 +257,12 @@ STORE(__cached_dev)

sysfs_strtoul_clamp(writeback_percent, dc->writeback_percent, 0, 40);

- sysfs_strtoul_clamp(writeback_rate, - dc->writeback_rate.rate, 1, INT_MAX); + if (attr == &sysfs_writeback_rate) { + int v; + + sysfs_strtoul_clamp(writeback_rate, v, 1, INT_MAX); + atomic_long_set(&dc->writeback_rate.rate, v); + }

sysfs_strtoul_clamp(writeback_rate_update_seconds, dc->writeback_rate_update_seconds, diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/util.c b/drivers/md/bcache/util.c index fc479b026d6d..b15256bcf0e7 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/util.c +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/util.c @@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ uint64_t bch_next_delay(struct bch_ratelimit *d, uint64_t done) { uint64_t now = local_clock();

- d->next += div_u64(done * NSEC_PER_SEC, d->rate); + d->next += div_u64(done * NSEC_PER_SEC, atomic_long_read(&d->rate));

/* Bound the time. Don't let us fall further than 2 seconds behind * (this prevents unnecessary backlog that would make it impossible diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/util.h b/drivers/md/bcache/util.h index cced87f8eb27..f7b0133c9d2f 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/util.h +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/util.h @@ -442,7 +442,7 @@ struct bch_ratelimit { * Rate at which we want to do work, in units per second * The units here correspond to the units passed to bch_next_delay() */ - uint32_t rate; + atomic_long_t rate; };

static inline void bch_ratelimit_reset(struct bch_ratelimit *d) diff --git a/drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c b/drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c index ad45ebe1a74b..9f5e33324d1d 100644 --- a/drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c +++ b/drivers/md/bcache/writeback.c @@ -104,11 +104,56 @@ static void __update_writeback_rate(struct cached_dev *dc)

dc->writeback_rate_proportional = proportional_scaled; dc->writeback_rate_integral_scaled = integral_scaled; - dc->writeback_rate_change = new_rate - dc->writeback_rate.rate; - dc->writeback_rate.rate = new_rate; + dc->writeback_rate_change = new_rate - + atomic_long_read(&dc->writeback_rate.rate); + atomic_long_set(&dc->writeback_rate.rate, new_rate); dc->writeback_rate_target = target; }

+static bool set_at_max_writeback_rate(struct cache_set *c, + struct cached_dev *dc) +{ + /* + * Idle_counter is increased everytime when update_writeback_rate() is + * called. If all backing devices attached to the same cache set have + * identical dc->writeback_rate_update_seconds values, it is about 6 + * rounds of update_writeback_rate() on each backing device before + * c->at_max_writeback_rate is set to 1, and then max wrteback rate set + * to each dc->writeback_rate.rate. + * In order to avoid extra locking cost for counting exact dirty cached + * devices number, c->attached_dev_nr is used to calculate the idle + * throushold. It might be bigger if not all cached device are in write- + * back mode, but it still works well with limited extra rounds of + * update_writeback_rate(). + */ + if (atomic_inc_return(&c->idle_counter) < + atomic_read(&c->attached_dev_nr) * 6) + return false; + + if (atomic_read(&c->at_max_writeback_rate) != 1) + atomic_set(&c->at_max_writeback_rate, 1); + + atomic_long_set(&dc->writeback_rate.rate, INT_MAX); + + /* keep writeback_rate_target as existing value */ + dc->writeback_rate_proportional = 0; + dc->writeback_rate_integral_scaled = 0; + dc->writeback_rate_change = 0; + + /* + * Check c->idle_counter and c->at_max_writeback_rate agagain in case + * new I/O arrives during before set_at_max_writeback_rate() returns. + * Then the writeback rate is set to 1, and its new value should be + * decided via __update_writeback_rate(). + */ + if ((atomic_read(&c->idle_counter) < + atomic_read(&c->attached_dev_nr) * 6) || + !atomic_read(&c->at_max_writeback_rate)) + return false; + + return true; +} + static void update_writeback_rate(struct work_struct *work) { struct cached_dev *dc = container_of(to_delayed_work(work), @@ -136,13 +181,20 @@ static void update_writeback_rate(struct work_struct *work) return; }

- down_read(&dc->writeback_lock); + if (atomic_read(&dc->has_dirty) && dc->writeback_percent) { + /* + * If the whole cache set is idle, set_at_max_writeback_rate() + * will set writeback rate to a max number. Then it is + * unncessary to update writeback rate for an idle cache set + * in maximum writeback rate number(s). + */ + if (!set_at_max_writeback_rate(c, dc)) { + down_read(&dc->writeback_lock); + __update_writeback_rate(dc); + up_read(&dc->writeback_lock); + } + }

- if (atomic_read(&dc->has_dirty) && - dc->writeback_percent) - __update_writeback_rate(dc); - - up_read(&dc->writeback_lock);

/* * CACHE_SET_IO_DISABLE might be set via sysfs interface, @@ -422,27 +474,6 @@ static void read_dirty(struct cached_dev *dc)

delay = writeback_delay(dc, size);

- /* If the control system would wait for at least half a - * second, and there's been no reqs hitting the backing disk - * for awhile: use an alternate mode where we have at most - * one contiguous set of writebacks in flight at a time. If - * someone wants to do IO it will be quick, as it will only - * have to contend with one operation in flight, and we'll - * be round-tripping data to the backing disk as quickly as - * it can accept it. - */ - if (delay >= HZ / 2) { - /* 3 means at least 1.5 seconds, up to 7.5 if we - * have slowed way down. - */ - if (atomic_inc_return(&dc->backing_idle) >= 3) { - /* Wait for current I/Os to finish */ - closure_sync(&cl); - /* And immediately launch a new set. */ - delay = 0; - } - } - while (!kthread_should_stop() && !test_bit(CACHE_SET_IO_DISABLE, &dc->disk.c->flags) && delay) { @@ -715,7 +746,7 @@ void bch_cached_dev_writeback_init(struct cached_dev *dc) dc->writeback_running = true; dc->writeback_percent = 10; dc->writeback_delay = 30; - dc->writeback_rate.rate = 1024; + atomic_long_set(&dc->writeback_rate.rate, 1024); dc->writeback_rate_minimum = 8;

dc->writeback_rate_update_seconds = WRITEBACK_RATE_UPDATE_SECS_DEFAULT;