From: Laurent Dufour ldufour@linux.ibm.com Subject: mm: don't rely on system state to detect hot-plug operations

In register_mem_sect_under_node() the system_state's value is checked to detect whether the call is made during boot time or during an hot-plug operation. Unfortunately, that check against SYSTEM_BOOTING is wrong because regular memory is registered at SYSTEM_SCHEDULING state. In addition, memory hot-plug operation can be triggered at this system state by the ACPI [1]. So checking against the system state is not enough.

The consequence is that on system with interleaved node's ranges like this: Early memory node ranges node 1: [mem 0x0000000000000000-0x000000011fffffff] node 2: [mem 0x0000000120000000-0x000000014fffffff] node 1: [mem 0x0000000150000000-0x00000001ffffffff] node 0: [mem 0x0000000200000000-0x000000048fffffff] node 2: [mem 0x0000000490000000-0x00000007ffffffff]

This can be seen on PowerPC LPAR after multiple memory hot-plug and hot-unplug operations are done. At the next reboot the node's memory ranges can be interleaved and since the call to link_mem_sections() is made in topology_init() while the system is in the SYSTEM_SCHEDULING state, the node's id is not checked, and the sections registered to multiple nodes:

$ ls -l /sys/devices/system/memory/memory21/node* total 0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 24 05:27 node1 -> ../../node/node1 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 0 Aug 24 05:27 node2 -> ../../node/node2

In that case, the system is able to boot but if later one of theses memory blocks is hot-unplugged and then hot-plugged, the sysfs inconsistency is detected and this is triggering a BUG_ON():

------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at /Users/laurent/src/linux-ppc/mm/memory_hotplug.c:1084! Oops: Exception in kernel mode, sig: 5 [#1] LE PAGE_SIZE=64K MMU=Hash SMP NR_CPUS=2048 NUMA pSeries Modules linked in: rpadlpar_io rpaphp pseries_rng rng_core vmx_crypto gf128mul binfmt_misc ip_tables x_tables xfs libcrc32c crc32c_vpmsum autofs4 CPU: 8 PID: 10256 Comm: drmgr Not tainted 5.9.0-rc1+ #25 NIP: c000000000403f34 LR: c000000000403f2c CTR: 0000000000000000 REGS: c0000004876e3660 TRAP: 0700 Not tainted (5.9.0-rc1+) MSR: 800000000282b033 <SF,VEC,VSX,EE,FP,ME,IR,DR,RI,LE> CR: 24000448 XER: 20040000 CFAR: c000000000846d20 IRQMASK: 0 GPR00: c000000000403f2c c0000004876e38f0 c0000000012f6f00 ffffffffffffffef GPR04: 0000000000000227 c0000004805ae680 0000000000000000 00000004886f0000 GPR08: 0000000000000226 0000000000000003 0000000000000002 fffffffffffffffd GPR12: 0000000088000484 c00000001ec96280 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR16: 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000004 0000000000000003 GPR20: c00000047814ffe0 c0000007ffff7c08 0000000000000010 c0000000013332c8 GPR24: 0000000000000000 c0000000011f6cc0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 GPR28: ffffffffffffffef 0000000000000001 0000000150000000 0000000010000000 NIP [c000000000403f34] add_memory_resource+0x244/0x340 LR [c000000000403f2c] add_memory_resource+0x23c/0x340 Call Trace: [c0000004876e38f0] [c000000000403f2c] add_memory_resource+0x23c/0x340 (unreliable) [c0000004876e39c0] [c00000000040408c] __add_memory+0x5c/0xf0 [c0000004876e39f0] [c0000000000e2b94] dlpar_add_lmb+0x1b4/0x500 [c0000004876e3ad0] [c0000000000e3888] dlpar_memory+0x1f8/0xb80 [c0000004876e3b60] [c0000000000dc0d0] handle_dlpar_errorlog+0xc0/0x190 [c0000004876e3bd0] [c0000000000dc398] dlpar_store+0x198/0x4a0 [c0000004876e3c90] [c00000000072e630] kobj_attr_store+0x30/0x50 [c0000004876e3cb0] [c00000000051f954] sysfs_kf_write+0x64/0x90 [c0000004876e3cd0] [c00000000051ee40] kernfs_fop_write+0x1b0/0x290 [c0000004876e3d20] [c000000000438dd8] vfs_write+0xe8/0x290 [c0000004876e3d70] [c0000000004391ac] ksys_write+0xdc/0x130 [c0000004876e3dc0] [c000000000034e40] system_call_exception+0x160/0x270 [c0000004876e3e20] [c00000000000d740] system_call_common+0xf0/0x27c Instruction dump: 48442e35 60000000 0b030000 3cbe0001 7fa3eb78 7bc48402 38a5fffe 7ca5fa14 78a58402 48442db1 60000000 7c7c1b78 <0b030000> 7f23cb78 4bda371d 60000000 ---[ end trace 562fd6c109cd0fb2 ]---

This patch addresses the root cause by not relying on the system_state value to detect whether the call is due to a hot-plug operation. An extra parameter is added to link_mem_sections() detailing whether the operation is due to a hot-plug operation.

[1] According to Oscar Salvador, using this qemu command line, ACPI memory hotplug operations are raised at SYSTEM_SCHEDULING state:

$QEMU -enable-kvm -machine pc -smp 4,sockets=4,cores=1,threads=1 -cpu host -monitor pty \ -m size=$MEM,slots=255,maxmem=4294967296k \ -numa node,nodeid=0,cpus=0-3,mem=512 -numa node,nodeid=1,mem=512 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm0,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=0,memdev=memdimm0,id=dimm0,slot=0 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm1,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=0,memdev=memdimm1,id=dimm1,slot=1 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm2,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=0,memdev=memdimm2,id=dimm2,slot=2 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm3,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=0,memdev=memdimm3,id=dimm3,slot=3 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm4,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=1,memdev=memdimm4,id=dimm4,slot=4 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm5,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=1,memdev=memdimm5,id=dimm5,slot=5 \ -object memory-backend-ram,id=memdimm6,size=134217728 -device pc-dimm,node=1,memdev=memdimm6,id=dimm6,slot=6 \

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200915094143.79181-3-ldufour@linux.ibm.com Fixes: 4fbce633910e ("mm/memory_hotplug.c: make register_mem_sect_under_node() a callback of walk_memory_range()") Signed-off-by: Laurent Dufour ldufour@linux.ibm.com Reviewed-by: David Hildenbrand david@redhat.com Reviewed-by: Oscar Salvador osalvador@suse.de Acked-by: Michal Hocko mhocko@suse.com Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman gregkh@linuxfoundation.org Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" rafael@kernel.org Cc: Fenghua Yu fenghua.yu@intel.com Cc: Nathan Lynch nathanl@linux.ibm.com Cc: Scott Cheloha cheloha@linux.ibm.com Cc: Tony Luck tony.luck@intel.com Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton akpm@linux-foundation.org ---

drivers/base/node.c | 85 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- include/linux/node.h | 11 +++-- mm/memory_hotplug.c | 3 - 3 files changed, 64 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)

--- a/drivers/base/node.c~mm-dont-rely-on-system-state-to-detect-hot-plug-operations +++ a/drivers/base/node.c @@ -761,14 +761,36 @@ static int __ref get_nid_for_pfn(unsigne return pfn_to_nid(pfn); }

+static int do_register_memory_block_under_node(int nid, + struct memory_block *mem_blk) +{ + int ret; + + /* + * If this memory block spans multiple nodes, we only indicate + * the last processed node. + */ + mem_blk->nid = nid; + + ret = sysfs_create_link_nowarn(&node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj, + &mem_blk->dev.kobj, + kobject_name(&mem_blk->dev.kobj)); + if (ret) + return ret; + + return sysfs_create_link_nowarn(&mem_blk->dev.kobj, + &node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj, + kobject_name(&node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj)); +} + /* register memory section under specified node if it spans that node */ -static int register_mem_sect_under_node(struct memory_block *mem_blk, - void *arg) +static int register_mem_block_under_node_early(struct memory_block *mem_blk, + void *arg) { unsigned long memory_block_pfns = memory_block_size_bytes() / PAGE_SIZE; unsigned long start_pfn = section_nr_to_pfn(mem_blk->start_section_nr); unsigned long end_pfn = start_pfn + memory_block_pfns - 1; - int ret, nid = *(int *)arg; + int nid = *(int *)arg; unsigned long pfn;

for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn <= end_pfn; pfn++) { @@ -785,39 +807,34 @@ static int register_mem_sect_under_node( }

/* - * We need to check if page belongs to nid only for the boot - * case, during hotplug we know that all pages in the memory - * block belong to the same node. - */ - if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING) { - page_nid = get_nid_for_pfn(pfn); - if (page_nid < 0) - continue; - if (page_nid != nid) - continue; - } - - /* - * If this memory block spans multiple nodes, we only indicate - * the last processed node. + * We need to check if page belongs to nid only at the boot + * case because node's ranges can be interleaved. */ - mem_blk->nid = nid; - - ret = sysfs_create_link_nowarn(&node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj, - &mem_blk->dev.kobj, - kobject_name(&mem_blk->dev.kobj)); - if (ret) - return ret; + page_nid = get_nid_for_pfn(pfn); + if (page_nid < 0) + continue; + if (page_nid != nid) + continue;

- return sysfs_create_link_nowarn(&mem_blk->dev.kobj, - &node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj, - kobject_name(&node_devices[nid]->dev.kobj)); + return do_register_memory_block_under_node(nid, mem_blk); } /* mem section does not span the specified node */ return 0; }

/* + * During hotplug we know that all pages in the memory block belong to the same + * node. + */ +static int register_mem_block_under_node_hotplug(struct memory_block *mem_blk, + void *arg) +{ + int nid = *(int *)arg; + + return do_register_memory_block_under_node(nid, mem_blk); +} + +/* * Unregister a memory block device under the node it spans. Memory blocks * with multiple nodes cannot be offlined and therefore also never be removed. */ @@ -832,11 +849,19 @@ void unregister_memory_block_under_nodes kobject_name(&node_devices[mem_blk->nid]->dev.kobj)); }

-int link_mem_sections(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn) +int link_mem_sections(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn, unsigned long end_pfn, + enum meminit_context context) { + walk_memory_blocks_func_t func; + + if (context == MEMINIT_HOTPLUG) + func = register_mem_block_under_node_hotplug; + else + func = register_mem_block_under_node_early; + return walk_memory_blocks(PFN_PHYS(start_pfn), PFN_PHYS(end_pfn - start_pfn), (void *)&nid, - register_mem_sect_under_node); + func); }

#ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLBFS --- a/include/linux/node.h~mm-dont-rely-on-system-state-to-detect-hot-plug-operations +++ a/include/linux/node.h @@ -99,11 +99,13 @@ extern struct node *node_devices[]; typedef void (*node_registration_func_t)(struct node *);

#if defined(CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG_SPARSE) && defined(CONFIG_NUMA) -extern int link_mem_sections(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn, - unsigned long end_pfn); +int link_mem_sections(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn, + unsigned long end_pfn, + enum meminit_context context); #else static inline int link_mem_sections(int nid, unsigned long start_pfn, - unsigned long end_pfn) + unsigned long end_pfn, + enum meminit_context context) { return 0; } @@ -128,7 +130,8 @@ static inline int register_one_node(int if (error) return error; /* link memory sections under this node */ - error = link_mem_sections(nid, start_pfn, end_pfn); + error = link_mem_sections(nid, start_pfn, end_pfn, + MEMINIT_EARLY); }

return error; --- a/mm/memory_hotplug.c~mm-dont-rely-on-system-state-to-detect-hot-plug-operations +++ a/mm/memory_hotplug.c @@ -1080,7 +1080,8 @@ int __ref add_memory_resource(int nid, s }

/* link memory sections under this node.*/ - ret = link_mem_sections(nid, PFN_DOWN(start), PFN_UP(start + size - 1)); + ret = link_mem_sections(nid, PFN_DOWN(start), PFN_UP(start + size - 1), + MEMINIT_HOTPLUG); BUG_ON(ret);

/* create new memmap entry */ _