Linux-stable-mirror July 2025

linux-stable-mirror@lists.linaro.org

532 participants
1246 discussions

[PATCH v2 1/1] mm: fix a UAF when vma->mm is freed after vma->vm_refcnt got dropped

by Suren Baghdasaryan

By inducing delays in the right places, Jann Horn created a reproducer for a hard to hit UAF issue that became possible after VMAs were allowed to be recycled by adding SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU to their cache. Race description is borrowed from Jann's discovery report: lock_vma_under_rcu() looks up a VMA locklessly with mas_walk() under rcu_read_lock(). At that point, the VMA may be concurrently freed, and it can be recycled by another process. vma_start_read() then increments the vma->vm_refcnt (if it is in an acceptable range), and if this succeeds, vma_start_read() can return a recycled VMA. In this scenario where the VMA has been recycled, lock_vma_under_rcu() will then detect the mismatching ->vm_mm pointer and drop the VMA through vma_end_read(), which calls vma_refcount_put(). vma_refcount_put() drops the refcount and then calls rcuwait_wake_up() using a copy of vma->vm_mm. This is wrong: It implicitly assumes that the caller is keeping the VMA's mm alive, but in this scenario the caller has no relation to the VMA's mm, so the rcuwait_wake_up() can cause UAF. The diagram depicting the race: T1 T2 T3 == == == lock_vma_under_rcu mas_walk <VMA gets removed from mm> mmap <the same VMA is reallocated> vma_start_read __refcount_inc_not_zero_limited_acquire munmap __vma_enter_locked refcount_add_not_zero vma_end_read vma_refcount_put __refcount_dec_and_test rcuwait_wait_event <finish operation> rcuwait_wake_up [UAF] Note that rcuwait_wait_event() in T3 does not block because refcount was already dropped by T1. At this point T3 can exit and free the mm causing UAF in T1. To avoid this we move vma->vm_mm verification into vma_start_read() and grab vma->vm_mm to stabilize it before vma_refcount_put() operation. Fixes: 3104138517fc ("mm: make vma cache SLAB_TYPESAFE_BY_RCU") Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh(a)google.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAG48ez0-deFbVH=E3jbkWx=X3uVbd8nWeo6kbJPQ0KoUD+… Signed-off-by: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb(a)google.com> Cc: <stable(a)vger.kernel.org> --- Changes since v1 [1] - Made a copy of vma->mm before using it in vma_start_read(), per Vlastimil Babka Notes: - Applies cleanly over mm-unstable. - Should be applied to 6.15 and 6.16 but these branches do not have lock_next_vma() function, so the change in lock_next_vma() should be skipped when applying to those branches. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250728170950.2216966-1-surenb@google.com/ include/linux/mmap_lock.h | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++++ mm/mmap_lock.c | 10 +++------- 2 files changed, 26 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/linux/mmap_lock.h b/include/linux/mmap_lock.h index 1f4f44951abe..da34afa2f8ef 100644 --- a/include/linux/mmap_lock.h +++ b/include/linux/mmap_lock.h @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ extern int rcuwait_wake_up(struct rcuwait *w); #include <linux/tracepoint-defs.h> #include <linux/types.h> #include <linux/cleanup.h> +#include <linux/sched/mm.h> #define MMAP_LOCK_INITIALIZER(name) \ .mmap_lock = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER((name).mmap_lock), @@ -183,6 +184,28 @@ static inline struct vm_area_struct *vma_start_read(struct mm_struct *mm, } rwsem_acquire_read(&vma->vmlock_dep_map, 0, 1, _RET_IP_); + + /* + * If vma got attached to another mm from under us, that mm is not + * stable and can be freed in the narrow window after vma->vm_refcnt + * is dropped and before rcuwait_wake_up(mm) is called. Grab it before + * releasing vma->vm_refcnt. + */ + if (unlikely(vma->vm_mm != mm)) { + /* Use a copy of vm_mm in case vma is freed after we drop vm_refcnt */ + struct mm_struct *other_mm = vma->vm_mm; + /* + * __mmdrop() is a heavy operation and we don't need RCU + * protection here. Release RCU lock during these operations. + */ + rcu_read_unlock(); + mmgrab(other_mm); + vma_refcount_put(vma); + mmdrop(other_mm); + rcu_read_lock(); + return NULL; + } + /* * Overflow of vm_lock_seq/mm_lock_seq might produce false locked result. * False unlocked result is impossible because we modify and check diff --git a/mm/mmap_lock.c b/mm/mmap_lock.c index 729fb7d0dd59..aa3bc42ecde0 100644 --- a/mm/mmap_lock.c +++ b/mm/mmap_lock.c @@ -164,8 +164,7 @@ struct vm_area_struct *lock_vma_under_rcu(struct mm_struct *mm, */ /* Check if the vma we locked is the right one. */ - if (unlikely(vma->vm_mm != mm || - address < vma->vm_start || address >= vma->vm_end)) + if (unlikely(address < vma->vm_start || address >= vma->vm_end)) goto inval_end_read; rcu_read_unlock(); @@ -236,11 +235,8 @@ struct vm_area_struct *lock_next_vma(struct mm_struct *mm, goto fallback; } - /* - * Verify the vma we locked belongs to the same address space and it's - * not behind of the last search position. - */ - if (unlikely(vma->vm_mm != mm || from_addr >= vma->vm_end)) + /* Verify the vma is not behind of the last search position. */ + if (unlikely(from_addr >= vma->vm_end)) goto fallback_unlock; /* base-commit: c617a4dd7102e691fa0fb2bc4f6b369e37d7f509 -- 2.50.1.487.gc89ff58d15-goog

5 months

[PATCH v1] ASoC: SOF: amd: acp-loader: Use GFP_KERNEL for DMA allocations in resume context

by Muhammad Usama Anjum

Replace GFP_ATOMIC with GFP_KERNEL for dma_alloc_coherent() calls. This change improves memory allocation reliability during firmware loading, particularly during system resume when memory pressure is high. Because of using GFP_KERNEL, reclaim can happen which can reduce the probability of failure. Fixes memory allocation failures observed during system resume with fragmented memory conditions. snd_sof_amd_vangogh 0000:04:00.5: error: failed to load DSP firmware after resume -12 Fixes: 145d7e5ae8f4e ("ASoC: SOF: amd: add option to use sram for data bin loading") Fixes: 7e51a9e38ab20 ("ASoC: SOF: amd: Add fw loader and renoir dsp ops to load firmware") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Muhammad Usama Anjum <usama.anjum(a)collabora.com> --- sound/soc/sof/amd/acp-loader.c | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/sound/soc/sof/amd/acp-loader.c b/sound/soc/sof/amd/acp-loader.c index 2d5e58846499..5b5d6db74c10 100644 --- a/sound/soc/sof/amd/acp-loader.c +++ b/sound/soc/sof/amd/acp-loader.c @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ int acp_dsp_block_write(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev, enum snd_sof_fw_blk_type blk_t dma_size = page_count * ACP_PAGE_SIZE; adata->bin_buf = dma_alloc_coherent(&pci->dev, dma_size, &adata->sha_dma_addr, - GFP_ATOMIC); + GFP_KERNEL); if (!adata->bin_buf) return -ENOMEM; } @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ int acp_dsp_block_write(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev, enum snd_sof_fw_blk_type blk_t adata->data_buf = dma_alloc_coherent(&pci->dev, ACP_DEFAULT_DRAM_LENGTH, &adata->dma_addr, - GFP_ATOMIC); + GFP_KERNEL); if (!adata->data_buf) return -ENOMEM; } @@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ int acp_dsp_block_write(struct snd_sof_dev *sdev, enum snd_sof_fw_blk_type blk_t adata->sram_data_buf = dma_alloc_coherent(&pci->dev, ACP_DEFAULT_SRAM_LENGTH, &adata->sram_dma_addr, - GFP_ATOMIC); + GFP_KERNEL); if (!adata->sram_data_buf) return -ENOMEM; } -- 2.39.5

5 months

[PATCH v2] kbuild: userprogs: use correct linker when mixing clang and GNU ld

by Thomas Weißschuh

The userprogs infrastructure does not expect clang being used with GNU ld and in that case uses /usr/bin/ld for linking, not the configured $(LD). This fallback is problematic as it will break when cross-compiling. Mixing clang and GNU ld is used for example when building for SPARC64, as ld.lld is not sufficient; see Documentation/kbuild/llvm.rst. Relax the check around --ld-path so it gets used for all linkers. Fixes: dfc1b168a8c4 ("kbuild: userprogs: use correct lld when linking through clang") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh(a)linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan(a)kernel.org> --- Changes in v2: - Use plain ifdef instead of ifneq - Rebase onto v6.16 - Pick up review tag from Nathan - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250724-userprogs-clang-gnu-ld-v1-1-3d3d071e53a7… --- Makefile | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile index 478f2004602da03c9039044e3288f24a13833cc7..7d24245d118c0e903119263b871d2e5c2759f48a 100644 --- a/Makefile +++ b/Makefile @@ -1134,7 +1134,7 @@ KBUILD_USERCFLAGS += $(filter -m32 -m64 --target=%, $(KBUILD_CPPFLAGS) $(KBUILD KBUILD_USERLDFLAGS += $(filter -m32 -m64 --target=%, $(KBUILD_CPPFLAGS) $(KBUILD_CFLAGS)) # userspace programs are linked via the compiler, use the correct linker -ifeq ($(CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG)$(CONFIG_LD_IS_LLD),yy) +ifdef CONFIG_CC_IS_CLANG KBUILD_USERLDFLAGS += --ld-path=$(LD) endif --- base-commit: 038d61fd642278bab63ee8ef722c50d10ab01e8f change-id: 20250723-userprogs-clang-gnu-ld-7a1c16fc852d Best regards, -- Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh(a)linutronix.de>

5 months

[PATCH v2 0/2] scsi: ufs: core: interrupt handling optimisations

by André Draszik

UFS performance for < v4 controllers has reduced quite a bit in 6.16. This series addresses this regression and brings numbers more or less back to the previous level. See patch 2 for some benchmark (fio) results. Signed-off-by: André Draszik <andre.draszik(a)linaro.org> --- Changes in v2: - patch 1: new patch as suggested by Bart during v1 review - patch 2: update commit message and some inline & kerneldoc comments - patch 2: add missing jiffies.h include - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250724-ufshcd-hardirq-v1-1-6398a52f8f02@linaro.… --- André Draszik (2): scsi: ufs: core: complete polled requests also from interrupt context scsi: ufs: core: move some irq handling back to hardirq (with time limit) drivers/ufs/core/ufshcd.c | 211 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------------- 1 file changed, 152 insertions(+), 59 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 58ba80c4740212c29a1cf9b48f588e60a7612209 change-id: 20250723-ufshcd-hardirq-c7326f642e56 Best regards, -- André Draszik <andre.draszik(a)linaro.org>

5 months

[PATCH] media: rc: fix races with imon_disconnect()

by Larshin Sergey

Syzbot reports a KASAN issue as below: BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in __create_pipe include/linux/usb.h:1945 [inline] BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in send_packet+0xa2d/0xbc0 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:627 Read of size 4 at addr ffff8880256fb000 by task syz-executor314/4465 CPU: 2 PID: 4465 Comm: syz-executor314 Not tainted 6.0.0-rc1-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.14.0-2 04/01/2014 Call Trace: <TASK> __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline] dump_stack_lvl+0xcd/0x134 lib/dump_stack.c:106 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:317 [inline] print_report.cold+0x2ba/0x6e9 mm/kasan/report.c:433 kasan_report+0xb1/0x1e0 mm/kasan/report.c:495 __create_pipe include/linux/usb.h:1945 [inline] send_packet+0xa2d/0xbc0 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:627 vfd_write+0x2d9/0x550 drivers/media/rc/imon.c:991 vfs_write+0x2d7/0xdd0 fs/read_write.c:576 ksys_write+0x127/0x250 fs/read_write.c:631 do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline] do_syscall_64+0x35/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd The iMON driver improperly releases the usb_device reference in imon_disconnect without coordinating with active users of the device. Specifically, the fields usbdev_intf0 and usbdev_intf1 are not protected by the users counter (ictx->users). During probe, imon_init_intf0 or imon_init_intf1 increments the usb_device reference count depending on the interface. However, during disconnect, usb_put_dev is called unconditionally, regardless of actual usage. As a result, if vfd_write or other operations are still in progress after disconnect, this can lead to a use-after-free of the usb_device pointer. Thread 1 vfd_write Thread 2 imon_disconnect ... if usb_put_dev(ictx->usbdev_intf0) else usb_put_dev(ictx->usbdev_intf1) ... while send_packet if pipe = usb_sndintpipe( ictx->usbdev_intf0) UAF else pipe = usb_sndctrlpipe( ictx->usbdev_intf0, 0) UAF Guard access to usbdev_intf0 and usbdev_intf1 after disconnect by checking ictx->disconnected in all writer paths. Add early return with -ENODEV in send_packet(), vfd_write(), lcd_write() and display_open() if the device is no longer present. Set and read ictx->disconnected under ictx->lock to ensure memory synchronization. Acquire the lock in imon_disconnect() before setting the flag to synchronize with any ongoing operations. Ensure writers exit early and safely after disconnect before the USB core proceeds with cleanup. Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller. Reported-by: syzbot+f1a69784f6efe748c3bf(a)syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=f1a69784f6efe748c3bf Fixes: 21677cfc562a ("V4L/DVB: ir-core: add imon driver") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Larshin Sergey <Sergey.Larshin(a)kaspersky.com> --- drivers/media/rc/imon.c | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/drivers/media/rc/imon.c b/drivers/media/rc/imon.c index f5221b018808..cf3e6e43c0c7 100644 --- a/drivers/media/rc/imon.c +++ b/drivers/media/rc/imon.c @@ -536,7 +536,9 @@ static int display_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) mutex_lock(&ictx->lock); - if (!ictx->display_supported) { + if (ictx->disconnected) { + retval = -ENODEV; + } else if (!ictx->display_supported) { pr_err("display not supported by device\n"); retval = -ENODEV; } else if (ictx->display_isopen) { @@ -598,6 +600,9 @@ static int send_packet(struct imon_context *ictx) int retval = 0; struct usb_ctrlrequest *control_req = NULL; + if (ictx->disconnected) + return -ENODEV; + /* Check if we need to use control or interrupt urb */ if (!ictx->tx_control) { pipe = usb_sndintpipe(ictx->usbdev_intf0, @@ -949,12 +954,14 @@ static ssize_t vfd_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, static const unsigned char vfd_packet6[] = { 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0xFF, 0xFF }; - if (ictx->disconnected) - return -ENODEV; - if (mutex_lock_interruptible(&ictx->lock)) return -ERESTARTSYS; + if (ictx->disconnected) { + retval = -ENODEV; + goto exit; + } + if (!ictx->dev_present_intf0) { pr_err_ratelimited("no iMON device present\n"); retval = -ENODEV; @@ -1029,11 +1036,13 @@ static ssize_t lcd_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, int retval = 0; struct imon_context *ictx = file->private_data; - if (ictx->disconnected) - return -ENODEV; - mutex_lock(&ictx->lock); + if (ictx->disconnected) { + retval = -ENODEV; + goto exit; + } + if (!ictx->display_supported) { pr_err_ratelimited("no iMON display present\n"); retval = -ENODEV; @@ -2499,7 +2508,11 @@ static void imon_disconnect(struct usb_interface *interface) int ifnum; ictx = usb_get_intfdata(interface); + + mutex_lock(&ictx->lock); ictx->disconnected = true; + mutex_unlock(&ictx->lock); + dev = ictx->dev; ifnum = interface->cur_altsetting->desc.bInterfaceNumber; -- 2.39.5

5 months

FAILED: patch "[PATCH] tools/hv: fcopy: Fix irregularities with size of ring buffer" failed to apply to 6.6-stable tree

by gregkh＠linuxfoundation.org

The patch below does not apply to the 6.6-stable tree. If someone wants it applied there, or to any other stable or longterm tree, then please email the backport, including the original git commit id to <stable(a)vger.kernel.org>. To reproduce the conflict and resubmit, you may use the following commands: git fetch https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/ linux-6.6.y git checkout FETCH_HEAD git cherry-pick -x a4131a50d072b369bfed0b41e741c41fd8048641 # <resolve conflicts, build, test, etc.> git commit -s git send-email --to '<stable(a)vger.kernel.org>' --in-reply-to '2025072131-stage-bundle-b616@gregkh' --subject-prefix 'PATCH 6.6.y' HEAD^.. Possible dependencies: thanks, greg k-h ------------------ original commit in Linus's tree ------------------ From a4131a50d072b369bfed0b41e741c41fd8048641 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Naman Jain <namjain(a)linux.microsoft.com> Date: Fri, 11 Jul 2025 11:38:46 +0530 Subject: [PATCH] tools/hv: fcopy: Fix irregularities with size of ring buffer Size of ring buffer, as defined in uio_hv_generic driver, is no longer fixed to 16 KB. This creates a problem in fcopy, since this size was hardcoded. With the change in place to make ring sysfs node actually reflect the size of underlying ring buffer, it is safe to get the size of ring sysfs file and use it for ring buffer size in fcopy daemon. Fix the issue of disparity in ring buffer size, by making it dynamic in fcopy uio daemon. Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Fixes: 0315fef2aff9 ("uio_hv_generic: Align ring size to system page") Signed-off-by: Naman Jain <namjain(a)linux.microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Saurabh Sengar <ssengar(a)linux.microsoft.com> Reviewed-by: Long Li <longli(a)microsoft.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250711060846.9168-1-namjain@linux.microsoft.com Signed-off-by: Wei Liu <wei.liu(a)kernel.org> Message-ID: <20250711060846.9168-1-namjain(a)linux.microsoft.com> diff --git a/tools/hv/hv_fcopy_uio_daemon.c b/tools/hv/hv_fcopy_uio_daemon.c index 4b09ed6b637a..92e8307b2a46 100644 --- a/tools/hv/hv_fcopy_uio_daemon.c +++ b/tools/hv/hv_fcopy_uio_daemon.c @@ -35,7 +35,10 @@ #define WIN8_SRV_MINOR 1 #define WIN8_SRV_VERSION (WIN8_SRV_MAJOR << 16 | WIN8_SRV_MINOR) -#define FCOPY_UIO "/sys/bus/vmbus/devices/eb765408-105f-49b6-b4aa-c123b64d17d4/uio" +#define FCOPY_DEVICE_PATH(subdir) \ + "/sys/bus/vmbus/devices/eb765408-105f-49b6-b4aa-c123b64d17d4/" #subdir +#define FCOPY_UIO_PATH FCOPY_DEVICE_PATH(uio) +#define FCOPY_CHANNELS_PATH FCOPY_DEVICE_PATH(channels) #define FCOPY_VER_COUNT 1 static const int fcopy_versions[] = { @@ -47,9 +50,62 @@ static const int fw_versions[] = { UTIL_FW_VERSION }; -#define HV_RING_SIZE 0x4000 /* 16KB ring buffer size */ +static uint32_t get_ring_buffer_size(void) +{ + char ring_path[PATH_MAX]; + DIR *dir; + struct dirent *entry; + struct stat st; + uint32_t ring_size = 0; + int retry_count = 0; -static unsigned char desc[HV_RING_SIZE]; + /* Find the channel directory */ + dir = opendir(FCOPY_CHANNELS_PATH); + if (!dir) { + usleep(100 * 1000); /* Avoid race with kernel, wait 100ms and retry once */ + dir = opendir(FCOPY_CHANNELS_PATH); + if (!dir) { + syslog(LOG_ERR, "Failed to open channels directory: %s", strerror(errno)); + return 0; + } + } + +retry_once: + while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) { + if (entry->d_type == DT_DIR && strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") != 0 && + strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") != 0) { + snprintf(ring_path, sizeof(ring_path), "%s/%s/ring", + FCOPY_CHANNELS_PATH, entry->d_name); + + if (stat(ring_path, &st) == 0) { + /* + * stat returns size of Tx, Rx rings combined, + * so take half of it for individual ring size. + */ + ring_size = (uint32_t)st.st_size / 2; + syslog(LOG_INFO, "Ring buffer size from %s: %u bytes", + ring_path, ring_size); + break; + } + } + } + + if (!ring_size && retry_count == 0) { + retry_count = 1; + rewinddir(dir); + usleep(100 * 1000); /* Wait 100ms and retry once */ + goto retry_once; + } + + closedir(dir); + + if (!ring_size) + syslog(LOG_ERR, "Could not determine ring size"); + + return ring_size; +} + +static unsigned char *desc; static int target_fd; static char target_fname[PATH_MAX]; @@ -397,7 +453,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) int daemonize = 1, long_index = 0, opt, ret = -EINVAL; struct vmbus_br txbr, rxbr; void *ring; - uint32_t len = HV_RING_SIZE; + uint32_t ring_size, len; char uio_name[NAME_MAX] = {0}; char uio_dev_path[PATH_MAX] = {0}; @@ -428,7 +484,20 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) openlog("HV_UIO_FCOPY", 0, LOG_USER); syslog(LOG_INFO, "starting; pid is:%d", getpid()); - fcopy_get_first_folder(FCOPY_UIO, uio_name); + ring_size = get_ring_buffer_size(); + if (!ring_size) { + ret = -ENODEV; + goto exit; + } + + desc = malloc(ring_size * sizeof(unsigned char)); + if (!desc) { + syslog(LOG_ERR, "malloc failed for desc buffer"); + ret = -ENOMEM; + goto exit; + } + + fcopy_get_first_folder(FCOPY_UIO_PATH, uio_name); snprintf(uio_dev_path, sizeof(uio_dev_path), "/dev/%s", uio_name); fcopy_fd = open(uio_dev_path, O_RDWR); @@ -436,17 +505,17 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) syslog(LOG_ERR, "open %s failed; error: %d %s", uio_dev_path, errno, strerror(errno)); ret = fcopy_fd; - goto exit; + goto free_desc; } - ring = vmbus_uio_map(&fcopy_fd, HV_RING_SIZE); + ring = vmbus_uio_map(&fcopy_fd, ring_size); if (!ring) { ret = errno; syslog(LOG_ERR, "mmap ringbuffer failed; error: %d %s", ret, strerror(ret)); goto close; } - vmbus_br_setup(&txbr, ring, HV_RING_SIZE); - vmbus_br_setup(&rxbr, (char *)ring + HV_RING_SIZE, HV_RING_SIZE); + vmbus_br_setup(&txbr, ring, ring_size); + vmbus_br_setup(&rxbr, (char *)ring + ring_size, ring_size); rxbr.vbr->imask = 0; @@ -463,7 +532,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) goto close; } - len = HV_RING_SIZE; + len = ring_size; ret = rte_vmbus_chan_recv_raw(&rxbr, desc, &len); if (unlikely(ret <= 0)) { /* This indicates a failure to communicate (or worse) */ @@ -483,6 +552,8 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) } close: close(fcopy_fd); +free_desc: + free(desc); exit: return ret; }

5 months

[PATCH v3 mm-hotfixes 2/5] mm: introduce and use {pgd,p4d}_populate_kernel()

by Harry Yoo

Introduce and use {pgd,p4d}_populate_kernel() in core MM code when populating PGD and P4D entries for the kernel address space. These helpers ensure proper synchronization of page tables when updating the kernel portion of top-level page tables. Until now, the kernel has relied on each architecture to handle synchronization of top-level page tables in an ad-hoc manner. For example, see commit 9b861528a801 ("x86-64, mem: Update all PGDs for direct mapping and vmemmap mapping changes"). However, this approach has proven fragile for following reasons: 1) It is easy to forget to perform the necessary page table synchronization when introducing new changes. For instance, commit 4917f55b4ef9 ("mm/sparse-vmemmap: improve memory savings for compound devmaps") overlooked the need to synchronize page tables for the vmemmap area. 2) It is also easy to overlook that the vmemmap and direct mapping areas must not be accessed before explicit page table synchronization. For example, commit 8d400913c231 ("x86/vmemmap: handle unpopulated sub-pmd ranges")) caused crashes by accessing the vmemmap area before calling sync_global_pgds(). To address this, as suggested by Dave Hansen, introduce _kernel() variants of the page table population helpers, which invoke architecture-specific hooks to properly synchronize page tables. They reuse existing infrastructure for vmalloc and ioremap. Synchronization requirements are determined by ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK, and the actual synchronization is performed by arch_sync_kernel_mappings(). This change currently targets only x86_64, so only PGD and P4D level helpers are introduced. In theory, PUD and PMD level helpers can be added later if needed by other architectures. Currently this is a no-op, since no architecture sets PGTBL_{PGD,P4D}_MODIFIED in ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK. Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Suggested-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen(a)linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Harry Yoo <harry.yoo(a)oracle.com> --- include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h | 16 ++++++++++++++++ include/linux/pgtable.h | 4 ++-- mm/kasan/init.c | 10 +++++----- mm/percpu.c | 4 ++-- mm/sparse-vmemmap.c | 4 ++-- 5 files changed, 27 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-) diff --git a/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h b/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h index 3c8ec3bfea44..fc0ab8eed5a6 100644 --- a/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h +++ b/include/asm-generic/pgalloc.h @@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ #ifdef CONFIG_MMU +#include <linux/pgtable.h> + #define GFP_PGTABLE_KERNEL (GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO) #define GFP_PGTABLE_USER (GFP_PGTABLE_KERNEL | __GFP_ACCOUNT) @@ -296,6 +298,20 @@ static inline void pgd_free(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd) } #endif +#define pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p4d) \ +do { \ + pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p4d); \ + if (ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK & PGTBL_PGD_MODIFIED) \ + arch_sync_kernel_mappings(addr, addr); \ +} while (0) + +#define p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, pud) \ +do { \ + p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, pud); \ + if (ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK & PGTBL_P4D_MODIFIED) \ + arch_sync_kernel_mappings(addr, addr); \ +} while (0) + #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */ #endif /* __ASM_GENERIC_PGALLOC_H */ diff --git a/include/linux/pgtable.h b/include/linux/pgtable.h index e564f338c758..2e24514ab6d0 100644 --- a/include/linux/pgtable.h +++ b/include/linux/pgtable.h @@ -1332,8 +1332,8 @@ static inline void ptep_modify_prot_commit(struct vm_area_struct *vma, /* * Architectures can set this mask to a combination of PGTBL_P?D_MODIFIED values - * and let generic vmalloc and ioremap code know when arch_sync_kernel_mappings() - * needs to be called. + * and let generic vmalloc, ioremap and page table update code know when + * arch_sync_kernel_mappings() needs to be called. */ #ifndef ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK #define ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK 0 diff --git a/mm/kasan/init.c b/mm/kasan/init.c index ced6b29fcf76..43de820ee282 100644 --- a/mm/kasan/init.c +++ b/mm/kasan/init.c @@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ static int __ref zero_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, pud_t *pud; pmd_t *pmd; - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_pud)); pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, @@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ static int __ref zero_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, } else { p = early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, NUMA_NO_NODE); pud_init(p); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, p); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, p); } } zero_pud_populate(p4d, addr, next); @@ -251,10 +251,10 @@ int __ref kasan_populate_early_shadow(const void *shadow_start, * puds,pmds, so pgd_populate(), pud_populate() * is noops. */ - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_p4d)); p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, lm_alias(kasan_early_shadow_pud)); pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, @@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ int __ref kasan_populate_early_shadow(const void *shadow_start, if (!p) return -ENOMEM; } else { - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, early_alloc(PAGE_SIZE, NUMA_NO_NODE)); } } diff --git a/mm/percpu.c b/mm/percpu.c index b35494c8ede2..1615dc3b3af5 100644 --- a/mm/percpu.c +++ b/mm/percpu.c @@ -3134,13 +3134,13 @@ void __init __weak pcpu_populate_pte(unsigned long addr) if (pgd_none(*pgd)) { p4d = memblock_alloc_or_panic(P4D_TABLE_SIZE, P4D_TABLE_SIZE); - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p4d); + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p4d); } p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr); if (p4d_none(*p4d)) { pud = memblock_alloc_or_panic(PUD_TABLE_SIZE, PUD_TABLE_SIZE); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, pud); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, pud); } pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr); diff --git a/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c b/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c index fd2ab5118e13..e275310ac708 100644 --- a/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c +++ b/mm/sparse-vmemmap.c @@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ p4d_t * __meminit vmemmap_p4d_populate(pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr, int node) if (!p) return NULL; pud_init(p); - p4d_populate(&init_mm, p4d, p); + p4d_populate_kernel(addr, p4d, p); } return p4d; } @@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ pgd_t * __meminit vmemmap_pgd_populate(unsigned long addr, int node) void *p = vmemmap_alloc_block_zero(PAGE_SIZE, node); if (!p) return NULL; - pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, p); + pgd_populate_kernel(addr, pgd, p); } return pgd; } -- 2.43.0

5 months

FAILED: patch "[PATCH] dpaa2-eth: Fix device reference count leak in MAC endpoint" failed to apply to 5.10-stable tree

by gregkh＠linuxfoundation.org

The patch below does not apply to the 5.10-stable tree. If someone wants it applied there, or to any other stable or longterm tree, then please email the backport, including the original git commit id to <stable(a)vger.kernel.org>. To reproduce the conflict and resubmit, you may use the following commands: git fetch https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git/ linux-5.10.y git checkout FETCH_HEAD git cherry-pick -x ee9f3a81ab08dfe0538dbd1746f81fd4d5147fdc # <resolve conflicts, build, test, etc.> git commit -s git send-email --to '<stable(a)vger.kernel.org>' --in-reply-to '2025072840-quickstep-spiny-0e80@gregkh' --subject-prefix 'PATCH 5.10.y' HEAD^.. Possible dependencies: thanks, greg k-h ------------------ original commit in Linus's tree ------------------ From ee9f3a81ab08dfe0538dbd1746f81fd4d5147fdc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Ma Ke <make24(a)iscas.ac.cn> Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2025 10:23:08 +0800 Subject: [PATCH] dpaa2-eth: Fix device reference count leak in MAC endpoint handling The fsl_mc_get_endpoint() function uses device_find_child() for localization, which implicitly calls get_device() to increment the device's reference count before returning the pointer. However, the caller dpaa2_eth_connect_mac() fails to properly release this reference in multiple scenarios. We should call put_device() to decrement reference count properly. As comment of device_find_child() says, 'NOTE: you will need to drop the reference with put_device() after use'. Found by code review. Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Fixes: 719479230893 ("dpaa2-eth: add MAC/PHY support through phylink") Signed-off-by: Ma Ke <make24(a)iscas.ac.cn> Tested-by: Ioana Ciornei <ioana.ciornei(a)nxp.com> Reviewed-by: Ioana Ciornei <ioana.ciornei(a)nxp.com> Reviewed-by: Simon Horman <horms(a)kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20250717022309.3339976-2-make24@iscas.ac.cn Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba(a)kernel.org> diff --git a/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa2/dpaa2-eth.c b/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa2/dpaa2-eth.c index b82f121cadad..0f4efd505332 100644 --- a/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa2/dpaa2-eth.c +++ b/drivers/net/ethernet/freescale/dpaa2/dpaa2-eth.c @@ -4666,12 +4666,19 @@ static int dpaa2_eth_connect_mac(struct dpaa2_eth_priv *priv) return PTR_ERR(dpmac_dev); } - if (IS_ERR(dpmac_dev) || dpmac_dev->dev.type != &fsl_mc_bus_dpmac_type) + if (IS_ERR(dpmac_dev)) return 0; + if (dpmac_dev->dev.type != &fsl_mc_bus_dpmac_type) { + err = 0; + goto out_put_device; + } + mac = kzalloc(sizeof(struct dpaa2_mac), GFP_KERNEL); - if (!mac) - return -ENOMEM; + if (!mac) { + err = -ENOMEM; + goto out_put_device; + } mac->mc_dev = dpmac_dev; mac->mc_io = priv->mc_io; @@ -4705,6 +4712,8 @@ static int dpaa2_eth_connect_mac(struct dpaa2_eth_priv *priv) dpaa2_mac_close(mac); err_free_mac: kfree(mac); +out_put_device: + put_device(&dpmac_dev->dev); return err; }

5 months

[PATCH v2 1/1] iommu/sva: Invalidate KVA range on kernel TLB flush

by Lu Baolu

The vmalloc() and vfree() functions manage virtually contiguous, but not necessarily physically contiguous, kernel memory regions. When vfree() unmaps such a region, it tears down the associated kernel page table entries and frees the physical pages. In the IOMMU Shared Virtual Addressing (SVA) context, the IOMMU hardware shares and walks the CPU's page tables. Architectures like x86 share static kernel address mappings across all user page tables, allowing the IOMMU to access the kernel portion of these tables. Modern IOMMUs often cache page table entries to optimize walk performance, even for intermediate page table levels. If kernel page table mappings are changed (e.g., by vfree()), but the IOMMU's internal caches retain stale entries, Use-After-Free (UAF) vulnerability condition arises. If these freed page table pages are reallocated for a different purpose, potentially by an attacker, the IOMMU could misinterpret the new data as valid page table entries. This allows the IOMMU to walk into attacker-controlled memory, leading to arbitrary physical memory DMA access or privilege escalation. To mitigate this, introduce a new iommu interface to flush IOMMU caches and fence pending page table walks when kernel page mappings are updated. This interface should be invoked from architecture-specific code that manages combined user and kernel page tables. Fixes: 26b25a2b98e4 ("iommu: Bind process address spaces to devices") Cc: stable(a)vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Jann Horn <jannh(a)google.com> Co-developed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg(a)nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg(a)nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Lu Baolu <baolu.lu(a)linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg(a)nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Vasant Hegde <vasant.hegde(a)amd.com> Tested-by: Yi Lai <yi1.lai(a)intel.com> --- arch/x86/mm/tlb.c | 2 ++ drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c | 34 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- include/linux/iommu.h | 4 ++++ 3 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) Change log: v2: - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(iommu_sva_invalidate_kva_range); - Replace the mutex with a spinlock to make the interface usable in the critical regions. v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-iommu/20250704133056.4023816-1-baolu.lu@linux… diff --git a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c index 39f80111e6f1..a41499dfdc3f 100644 --- a/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c +++ b/arch/x86/mm/tlb.c @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ #include <linux/task_work.h> #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h> #include <linux/mmu_context.h> +#include <linux/iommu.h> #include <asm/tlbflush.h> #include <asm/mmu_context.h> @@ -1540,6 +1541,7 @@ void flush_tlb_kernel_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end) kernel_tlb_flush_range(info); put_flush_tlb_info(); + iommu_sva_invalidate_kva_range(start, end); } /* diff --git a/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c b/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c index 1a51cfd82808..fd76aefa5a88 100644 --- a/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c +++ b/drivers/iommu/iommu-sva.c @@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ #include "iommu-priv.h" static DEFINE_MUTEX(iommu_sva_lock); +static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(iommu_sva_present); +static LIST_HEAD(iommu_sva_mms); +static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(iommu_mms_lock); static struct iommu_domain *iommu_sva_domain_alloc(struct device *dev, struct mm_struct *mm); @@ -42,6 +45,7 @@ static struct iommu_mm_data *iommu_alloc_mm_data(struct mm_struct *mm, struct de return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC); } iommu_mm->pasid = pasid; + iommu_mm->mm = mm; INIT_LIST_HEAD(&iommu_mm->sva_domains); /* * Make sure the write to mm->iommu_mm is not reordered in front of @@ -132,8 +136,15 @@ struct iommu_sva *iommu_sva_bind_device(struct device *dev, struct mm_struct *mm if (ret) goto out_free_domain; domain->users = 1; - list_add(&domain->next, &mm->iommu_mm->sva_domains); + if (list_empty(&iommu_mm->sva_domains)) { + scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &iommu_mms_lock) { + if (list_empty(&iommu_sva_mms)) + static_branch_enable(&iommu_sva_present); + list_add(&iommu_mm->mm_list_elm, &iommu_sva_mms); + } + } + list_add(&domain->next, &iommu_mm->sva_domains); out: refcount_set(&handle->users, 1); mutex_unlock(&iommu_sva_lock); @@ -175,6 +186,15 @@ void iommu_sva_unbind_device(struct iommu_sva *handle) list_del(&domain->next); iommu_domain_free(domain); } + + if (list_empty(&iommu_mm->sva_domains)) { + scoped_guard(spinlock_irqsave, &iommu_mms_lock) { + list_del(&iommu_mm->mm_list_elm); + if (list_empty(&iommu_sva_mms)) + static_branch_disable(&iommu_sva_present); + } + } + mutex_unlock(&iommu_sva_lock); kfree(handle); } @@ -312,3 +332,15 @@ static struct iommu_domain *iommu_sva_domain_alloc(struct device *dev, return domain; } + +void iommu_sva_invalidate_kva_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end) +{ + struct iommu_mm_data *iommu_mm; + + if (!static_branch_unlikely(&iommu_sva_present)) + return; + + guard(spinlock_irqsave)(&iommu_mms_lock); + list_for_each_entry(iommu_mm, &iommu_sva_mms, mm_list_elm) + mmu_notifier_arch_invalidate_secondary_tlbs(iommu_mm->mm, start, end); +} diff --git a/include/linux/iommu.h b/include/linux/iommu.h index 156732807994..31330c12b8ee 100644 --- a/include/linux/iommu.h +++ b/include/linux/iommu.h @@ -1090,7 +1090,9 @@ struct iommu_sva { struct iommu_mm_data { u32 pasid; + struct mm_struct *mm; struct list_head sva_domains; + struct list_head mm_list_elm; }; int iommu_fwspec_init(struct device *dev, struct fwnode_handle *iommu_fwnode); @@ -1571,6 +1573,7 @@ struct iommu_sva *iommu_sva_bind_device(struct device *dev, struct mm_struct *mm); void iommu_sva_unbind_device(struct iommu_sva *handle); u32 iommu_sva_get_pasid(struct iommu_sva *handle); +void iommu_sva_invalidate_kva_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end); #else static inline struct iommu_sva * iommu_sva_bind_device(struct device *dev, struct mm_struct *mm) @@ -1595,6 +1598,7 @@ static inline u32 mm_get_enqcmd_pasid(struct mm_struct *mm) } static inline void mm_pasid_drop(struct mm_struct *mm) {} +static inline void iommu_sva_invalidate_kva_range(unsigned long start, unsigned long end) {} #endif /* CONFIG_IOMMU_SVA */ #ifdef CONFIG_IOMMU_IOPF -- 2.43.0

5 months

[PATCH v4 0/2] Samsung Exynos 7870 DECON driver support

by Kaustabh Chakraborty

This patch series aims at adding support for Exynos7870's DECON in the Exynos7 DECON driver. It introduces a driver data struct so that support for DECON on other SoCs can be added to it in the future. It also fixes a few bugs in the driver, such as functions receiving bad pointers. Tested on Samsung Galaxy J7 Prime (samsung-on7xelte), Samsung Galaxy A2 Core (samsung-a2corelte), and Samsung Galaxy J6 (samsung-j6lte). Signed-off-by: Kaustabh Chakraborty <kauschluss(a)disroot.org> --- Changes in v4: - Drop applied patch [v2 3/3]. - Correct documentation of port dt property. - Add documentation of memory-region. - Remove redundant ctx->suspended completely. - Link to v3: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250627-exynosdrm-decon-v3-0-5b456f88cfea@disroo… Changes in v3: - Add a new commit documenting iommus and ports dt properties. - Link to v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250612-exynosdrm-decon-v2-0-d6c1d21c8057@disroo… Changes in v2: - Add a new commit to prevent an occasional panic under circumstances. - Rewrite and redo [v1 2/6] to be a more sensible commit. - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20240919-exynosdrm-decon-v1-0-6c5861c1cb04@disroo… --- Kaustabh Chakraborty (2): dt-bindings: display: samsung,exynos7-decon: document iommus, memory-region, and ports drm/exynos: exynos7_drm_decon: remove ctx->suspended .../display/samsung/samsung,exynos7-decon.yaml | 21 +++++++++++++ drivers/gpu/drm/exynos/exynos7_drm_decon.c | 36 ---------------------- 2 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 36 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 26ffb3d6f02cd0935fb9fa3db897767beee1cb2a change-id: 20240917-exynosdrm-decon-4c228dd1d2bf Best regards, -- Kaustabh Chakraborty <kauschluss(a)disroot.org>

5 months

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