August 2025 - Linux-kselftest-mirror

[PATCH v3 0/9] rust: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}`

by Tamir Duberstein

This is series 2a/5 of the migration to `core::ffi::CStr`[0]. 20250704-core-cstr-prepare-v1-0-a91524037783(a)gmail.com. This series depends on the prior series[0] and is intended to go through the rust tree to reduce the number of release cycles required to complete the work. Subsystem maintainers: I would appreciate your `Acked-by`s so that this can be taken through Miguel's tree (where the other series must go). [0] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250704-core-cstr-prepare-v1-0-a91524037783@gm… Signed-off-by: Tamir Duberstein <tamird(a)gmail.com> --- Changes in v3: - Add a patch to address new code in device.rs. - Drop incorrectly applied Acked-by tags from Danilo. - Link to v2: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250719-core-cstr-fanout-1-v2-0-1ab5ba189c6e@gma… Changes in v2: - Rebase on rust-next. - Drop pin-init patch, which is no longer needed. - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250709-core-cstr-fanout-1-v1-0-64308e7203fc@gma… --- Tamir Duberstein (9): gpu: nova-core: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: alloc: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: block: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: device: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: file: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: kunit: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: seq_file: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: sync: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` rust: device: use `kernel::{fmt,prelude::fmt!}` drivers/block/rnull.rs | 2 +- drivers/gpu/nova-core/gpu.rs | 3 +-- drivers/gpu/nova-core/regs/macros.rs | 6 +++--- rust/kernel/alloc/kbox.rs | 2 +- rust/kernel/alloc/kvec.rs | 2 +- rust/kernel/alloc/kvec/errors.rs | 2 +- rust/kernel/block/mq.rs | 2 +- rust/kernel/block/mq/gen_disk.rs | 2 +- rust/kernel/block/mq/raw_writer.rs | 3 +-- rust/kernel/device.rs | 6 +++--- rust/kernel/device/property.rs | 23 ++++++++++++----------- rust/kernel/fs/file.rs | 5 +++-- rust/kernel/kunit.rs | 8 ++++---- rust/kernel/seq_file.rs | 6 +++--- rust/kernel/sync/arc.rs | 2 +- scripts/rustdoc_test_gen.rs | 2 +- 16 files changed, 38 insertions(+), 38 deletions(-) --- base-commit: 8f5ae30d69d7543eee0d70083daf4de8fe15d585 change-id: 20250709-core-cstr-fanout-1-f20611832272 Best regards, -- Tamir Duberstein <tamird(a)gmail.com>

3 weeks, 4 days

2
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Re: [PATCH v14 net-next 00/14] AccECN protocol patch series

by Paolo Abeni

On 8/13/25 5:43 PM, Livingood, Jason wrote: > Hi Paolo – If this patch series is delayed to the next release cycle, > what release number would that be and – more critically – what would the > timing be? See: https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/next/process/maintainer-netdev.html#git-tre… net-next is open now. Patch need to be re-submitted and will be processed with the usual timing. Thanks, Paolo

3 weeks, 4 days

2
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[PATCH bpf-next v8 0/2] libbpf: fix USDT SIB argument handling causing unrecognized register error

by Jiawei Zhao

When using GCC on x86-64 to compile an usdt prog with -O1 or higher optimization, the compiler will generate SIB addressing mode for global array and PC-relative addressing mode for global variable, e.g. "1@-96(%rbp,%rax,8)" and "-1@4+t1(%rip)". The current USDT implementation in libbpf cannot parse these two formats, causing `bpf_program__attach_usdt()` to fail with -ENOENT (unrecognized register). This patch series adds support for SIB addressing mode in USDT probes. The main changes include: - add correct handling logic for SIB-addressed arguments in `parse_usdt_arg`. - add an usdt_o2 test case to cover SIB addressing mode. Testing shows that the SIB probe correctly generates 8@(%rcx,%rax,8) argument spec and passes all validation checks. The modification history of this patch series: Change since v1: - refactor the code to make it more readable - modify the commit message to explain why and how Change since v2: - fix the `scale` uninitialized error Change since v3: - force -O2 optimization for usdt.test.o to generate SIB addressing usdt and pass all test cases. Change since v4: - split the patch into two parts, one for the fix and the other for the test Change since v5: - Only enable optimization for x86 architecture to generate SIB addressing usdt argument spec. Change since v6: - Add an usdt_o2 test case to cover SIB addressing mode. - Reinstate the usdt.c test case. Change since v7: - Add a bpf-next tag to the patch series. - update the commit message of the second commit Jiawei Zhao (2): libbpf: fix USDT SIB argument handling causing unrecognized register error selftests/bpf: Add an usdt_o2 test case in selftests to cover SIB handling logic tools/lib/bpf/usdt.bpf.h | 33 ++++++++- tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c | 43 +++++++++-- tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile | 8 +++ .../selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt_o2.c | 71 +++++++++++++++++++ .../selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt_o2.c | 37 ++++++++++ 5 files changed, 185 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/prog_tests/usdt_o2.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/test_usdt_o2.c -- 2.43.0

3 weeks, 4 days

3
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[PATCH net-next v2] selftests: netconsole: Validate interface selection by MAC address

by Andre Carvalho

Extend the existing netconsole cmdline selftest to also validate that interface selection can be performed via MAC address. The test now validates that netconsole works with both interface name and MAC address, improving test coverage. Suggested-by: Breno Leitao <leitao(a)debian.org> Reviewed-by: Breno Leitao <leitao(a)debian.org> Signed-off-by: Andre Carvalho <asantostc(a)gmail.com> --- Changes in v2: - Redirect log line to stderr - Do not ignore error unloading the module between test cases - Remove nested quotes when building cmdline for module - Format comments to avoid exceeding 80 columns - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20250811-netcons-cmdline-selftest-v1-1-1f725ab020… --- .../selftests/drivers/net/lib/sh/lib_netcons.sh | 10 +++- .../selftests/drivers/net/netcons_cmdline.sh | 55 +++++++++++++--------- 2 files changed, 43 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/lib/sh/lib_netcons.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/lib/sh/lib_netcons.sh index b6071e80ebbb6a33283ab6cd6bcb7b925aefdb43..8e1085e896472d5c87ec8b236240878a5b2d00d2 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/lib/sh/lib_netcons.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/lib/sh/lib_netcons.sh @@ -148,12 +148,20 @@ function create_dynamic_target() { # Generate the command line argument for netconsole following: # netconsole=[+][src-port]@[src-ip]/[<dev>],[tgt-port]@<tgt-ip>/[tgt-macaddr] function create_cmdline_str() { + local BINDMODE=${1:-"ifname"} + if [ "${BINDMODE}" == "ifname" ] + then + SRCDEV=${SRCIF} + else + SRCDEV=$(mac_get "${SRCIF}") + fi + DSTMAC=$(ip netns exec "${NAMESPACE}" \ ip link show "${DSTIF}" | awk '/ether/ {print $2}') SRCPORT="1514" TGTPORT="6666" - echo "netconsole=\"+${SRCPORT}@${SRCIP}/${SRCIF},${TGTPORT}@${DSTIP}/${DSTMAC}\"" + echo "netconsole=\"+${SRCPORT}@${SRCIP}/${SRCDEV},${TGTPORT}@${DSTIP}/${DSTMAC}\"" } # Do not append the release to the header of the message diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netcons_cmdline.sh b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netcons_cmdline.sh index ad2fb8b1c46326c69af20f2c9d68e80fa8eb894f..d1d23dc67f99aa357041b71718550ed94292e57a 100755 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netcons_cmdline.sh +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/drivers/net/netcons_cmdline.sh @@ -19,9 +19,6 @@ check_netconsole_module modprobe netdevsim 2> /dev/null || true rmmod netconsole 2> /dev/null || true -# The content of kmsg will be save to the following file -OUTPUT_FILE="/tmp/${TARGET}" - # Check for basic system dependency and exit if not found # check_for_dependencies # Set current loglevel to KERN_INFO(6), and default to KERN_NOTICE(5) @@ -30,23 +27,39 @@ echo "6 5" > /proc/sys/kernel/printk trap do_cleanup EXIT # Create one namespace and two interfaces set_network -# Create the command line for netconsole, with the configuration from the -# function above -CMDLINE="$(create_cmdline_str)" - -# Load the module, with the cmdline set -modprobe netconsole "${CMDLINE}" - -# Listed for netconsole port inside the namespace and destination interface -listen_port_and_save_to "${OUTPUT_FILE}" & -# Wait for socat to start and listen to the port. -wait_local_port_listen "${NAMESPACE}" "${PORT}" udp -# Send the message -echo "${MSG}: ${TARGET}" > /dev/kmsg -# Wait until socat saves the file to disk -busywait "${BUSYWAIT_TIMEOUT}" test -s "${OUTPUT_FILE}" -# Make sure the message was received in the dst part -# and exit -validate_msg "${OUTPUT_FILE}" + +# Run the test twice, with different cmdline parameters +for BINDMODE in "ifname" "mac" +do + echo "Running with bind mode: ${BINDMODE}" >&2 + # Create the command line for netconsole, with the configuration from + # the function above + CMDLINE=$(create_cmdline_str "${BINDMODE}") + + # The content of kmsg will be save to the following file + OUTPUT_FILE="/tmp/${TARGET}-${BINDMODE}" + + # Load the module, with the cmdline set + modprobe netconsole "${CMDLINE}" + + # Listed for netconsole port inside the namespace and destination + # interface + listen_port_and_save_to "${OUTPUT_FILE}" & + # Wait for socat to start and listen to the port. + wait_local_port_listen "${NAMESPACE}" "${PORT}" udp + # Send the message + echo "${MSG}: ${TARGET}" > /dev/kmsg + # Wait until socat saves the file to disk + busywait "${BUSYWAIT_TIMEOUT}" test -s "${OUTPUT_FILE}" + # Make sure the message was received in the dst part + # and exit + validate_msg "${OUTPUT_FILE}" + + # kill socat in case it is still running + pkill_socat + # Unload the module + rmmod netconsole + echo "${BINDMODE} : Test passed" >&2 +done exit "${ksft_pass}" --- base-commit: 37816488247ddddbc3de113c78c83572274b1e2e change-id: 20250807-netcons-cmdline-selftest-b32e27a4bd16 Best regards, -- Andre Carvalho <asantostc(a)gmail.com>

3 weeks, 4 days

2
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[PATCH v4 0/3] execute PROCMAP_QUERY ioctl under per-vma lock

by Suren Baghdasaryan

With /proc/pid/maps now being read under per-vma lock protection we can reuse parts of that code to execute PROCMAP_QUERY ioctl also without taking mmap_lock. The change is designed to reduce mmap_lock contention and prevent PROCMAP_QUERY ioctl calls from blocking address space updates. This patchset was split out of the original patchset [1] that introduced per-vma lock usage for /proc/pid/maps reading. It contains PROCMAP_QUERY tests, code refactoring patch to simplify the main change and the actual transition to per-vma lock. Changes since v3 [2] - change lock_vma_range()/unlock_vma_range() parameters, per Lorenzo Stoakes - minimize priv->lock_ctx dereferences by storing it in a local variable, per Lorenzo Stoakes - rename unlock_vma to unlock_ctx_vma, per Lorenzo Stoakes - factored out reset_lock_ctx(), per Lorenzo Stoakes - reset lock_ctx->mmap_locked inside query_vma_teardown(), per Lorenzo Stoakes - add clarifying comments in query_vma_find_by_addr() and procfs_procmap_ioctl(), per Lorenzo Stoakes - refactored error handling code inside query_vma_find_by_addr(), per Lorenzo Stoakes - add Acked-by as changes were cosmetic, per SeongJae Park [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250704060727.724817-1-surenb@google.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250806155905.824388-1-surenb@google.com/ Suren Baghdasaryan (3): selftests/proc: test PROCMAP_QUERY ioctl while vma is concurrently modified fs/proc/task_mmu: factor out proc_maps_private fields used by PROCMAP_QUERY fs/proc/task_mmu: execute PROCMAP_QUERY ioctl under per-vma locks fs/proc/internal.h | 15 +- fs/proc/task_mmu.c | 184 ++++++++++++------ fs/proc/task_nommu.c | 14 +- tools/testing/selftests/proc/proc-maps-race.c | 65 +++++++ 4 files changed, 210 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-) base-commit: c2144e09b922d422346a44d72b674bf61dbd84c0 -- 2.50.1.703.g449372360f-goog

3 weeks, 5 days

4
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[PATCH net v3 0/2] net: tcp: lookup the best matched listen socket

by Menglong Dong

For now, the tcp socket lookup will terminate if the socket is reuse port in inet_lhash2_lookup(), which makes the socket is not the best match. For example, we have socket1 and socket2 both listen on "0.0.0.0:1234", but socket1 bind on "eth0". We create socket1 first, and then socket2. Then, all connections will goto socket2, which is not expected, as socket1 has higher priority. The 1st patch fix this problem, and the 2nd patch is a selftests for this problem. Without the 1st patch, the selftests will fail with: $ ./tcp_reuseport.py TAP version 13 1..1 FAIL: wrong assignment not ok 1 tcp_reuseport.test_reuseport_select Totals: pass:0 fail:1 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 With the 1st patch, it will success: $ ./tcp_reuseport.py TAP version 13 1..1 SUCCESS: assigned properly: (<socket.socket fd=6, family=2, type=1, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 33787), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 43140)>, ('127.0.0.1', 43140)) SUCCESS: assigned properly: (<socket.socket fd=5, family=2, type=1, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 33787), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 43146)>, ('127.0.0.1', 43146)) SUCCESS: assigned properly: (<socket.socket fd=6, family=2, type=1, proto=0, laddr=('127.0.0.1', 33787), raddr=('127.0.0.1', 43162)>, ('127.0.0.1', 43162)) ok 1 tcp_reuseport.test_reuseport_select Totals: pass:1 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 Changes since V2: * use the approach in V1 * add the Fixes tag in the 1st patch * introduce the selftests Menglong Dong (2): net: tcp: lookup the best matched listen socket selftests/net: test TCP reuseport socket selection net/ipv4/inet_hashtables.c | 13 +++---- net/ipv6/inet6_hashtables.c | 13 +++---- tools/testing/selftests/net/Makefile | 1 + tools/testing/selftests/net/tcp_reuseport.py | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++ 4 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-) create mode 100755 tools/testing/selftests/net/tcp_reuseport.py -- 2.50.1

3 weeks, 5 days

3
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[PATCH bpf-next v3] selftests/bpf: Add LPM trie microbenchmarks

by Matt Fleming

From: Matt Fleming <mfleming(a)cloudflare.com> Add benchmarks for the standard set of operations: lookup, update, delete. Also, include a benchmark for trie_free() which is known to have terrible performance for maps with many entries. Benchmarks operate on tries without gaps in the key range, i.e. each test begins with a trie with valid keys in the range [0, nr_entries). This is intended to cause maximum branching when traversing the trie. All measurements are recorded inside the kernel to remove syscall overhead. Most benchmarks run an XDP program to generate stats but free needs to collect latencies using fentry/fexit on map_free_deferred() because it's not possible to use fentry directly on lpm_trie.c since commit c83508da5620 ("bpf: Avoid deadlock caused by nested kprobe and fentry bpf programs") and there's no way to create/destroy a map from within an XDP program. Here is example output from an AMD EPYC 9684X 96-Core machine for each of the benchmarks using a trie with 10K entries and a 32-bit prefix length, e.g. $ ./bench lpm-trie-$op \ --prefix_len=32 \ --producers=1 \ --nr_entries=10000 lookup: throughput 7.423 ± 0.023 M ops/s ( 7.423M ops/prod), latency 134.710 ns/op update: throughput 2.643 ± 0.015 M ops/s ( 2.643M ops/prod), latency 378.310 ns/op delete: throughput 0.712 ± 0.008 M ops/s ( 0.712M ops/prod), latency 1405.152 ns/op free: throughput 0.574 ± 0.003 K ops/s ( 0.574K ops/prod), latency 1.743 ms/op Tested-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk(a)kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk(a)kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <mfleming(a)cloudflare.com> --- Changes in v3: - Replace BPF_CORE_READ() with BPF_CORE_READ_STR_INTO() to avoid gcc-bpf CI build failure Changes in v2: - Add Jesper's Tested-by and Revewied-by tags - Remove use of atomic_*() in favour of __sync_add_and_fetch() - Use a file-local 'deleted_entries' in the DELETE op benchmark and add a comment explaining why non-atomic accesses are safe. - Bump 'hits' with the number of bpf_loop() loops actually executed tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile | 2 + tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.c | 10 + tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.h | 1 + .../selftests/bpf/benchs/bench_lpm_trie_map.c | 337 ++++++++++++++++++ .../selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_bench.c | 171 +++++++++ .../selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_map.c | 19 + 6 files changed, 540 insertions(+) create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/benchs/bench_lpm_trie_map.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_bench.c create mode 100644 tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_map.c diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile index 910d8d6402ef..10a5f1d0fa41 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/Makefile @@ -815,6 +815,7 @@ $(OUTPUT)/bench_bpf_hashmap_lookup.o: $(OUTPUT)/bpf_hashmap_lookup.skel.h $(OUTPUT)/bench_htab_mem.o: $(OUTPUT)/htab_mem_bench.skel.h $(OUTPUT)/bench_bpf_crypto.o: $(OUTPUT)/crypto_bench.skel.h $(OUTPUT)/bench_sockmap.o: $(OUTPUT)/bench_sockmap_prog.skel.h +$(OUTPUT)/bench_lpm_trie_map.o: $(OUTPUT)/lpm_trie_bench.skel.h $(OUTPUT)/lpm_trie_map.skel.h $(OUTPUT)/bench.o: bench.h testing_helpers.h $(BPFOBJ) $(OUTPUT)/bench: LDLIBS += -lm $(OUTPUT)/bench: $(OUTPUT)/bench.o \ @@ -836,6 +837,7 @@ $(OUTPUT)/bench: $(OUTPUT)/bench.o \ $(OUTPUT)/bench_htab_mem.o \ $(OUTPUT)/bench_bpf_crypto.o \ $(OUTPUT)/bench_sockmap.o \ + $(OUTPUT)/bench_lpm_trie_map.o \ # $(call msg,BINARY,,$@) $(Q)$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(filter %.a %.o,$^) $(LDLIBS) -o $@ diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.c index ddd73d06a1eb..fd15f60fd5a8 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.c @@ -284,6 +284,7 @@ extern struct argp bench_htab_mem_argp; extern struct argp bench_trigger_batch_argp; extern struct argp bench_crypto_argp; extern struct argp bench_sockmap_argp; +extern struct argp bench_lpm_trie_map_argp; static const struct argp_child bench_parsers[] = { { &bench_ringbufs_argp, 0, "Ring buffers benchmark", 0 }, @@ -299,6 +300,7 @@ static const struct argp_child bench_parsers[] = { { &bench_trigger_batch_argp, 0, "BPF triggering benchmark", 0 }, { &bench_crypto_argp, 0, "bpf crypto benchmark", 0 }, { &bench_sockmap_argp, 0, "bpf sockmap benchmark", 0 }, + { &bench_lpm_trie_map_argp, 0, "LPM trie map benchmark", 0 }, {}, }; @@ -558,6 +560,10 @@ extern const struct bench bench_htab_mem; extern const struct bench bench_crypto_encrypt; extern const struct bench bench_crypto_decrypt; extern const struct bench bench_sockmap; +extern const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_lookup; +extern const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_update; +extern const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_delete; +extern const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_free; static const struct bench *benchs[] = { &bench_count_global, @@ -625,6 +631,10 @@ static const struct bench *benchs[] = { &bench_crypto_encrypt, &bench_crypto_decrypt, &bench_sockmap, + &bench_lpm_trie_lookup, + &bench_lpm_trie_update, + &bench_lpm_trie_delete, + &bench_lpm_trie_free, }; static void find_benchmark(void) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.h b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.h index 005c401b3e22..bea323820ffb 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.h +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/bench.h @@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ struct bench_res { unsigned long gp_ns; unsigned long gp_ct; unsigned int stime; + unsigned long duration_ns; }; struct bench { diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/benchs/bench_lpm_trie_map.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/benchs/bench_lpm_trie_map.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..435b5c7ceee9 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/benchs/bench_lpm_trie_map.c @@ -0,0 +1,337 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* Copyright (c) 2025 Cloudflare */ + +/* + * All of these benchmarks operate on tries with keys in the range + * [0, args.nr_entries), i.e. there are no gaps or partially filled + * branches of the trie for any key < args.nr_entries. + * + * This gives an idea of worst-case behaviour. + */ + +#include <argp.h> +#include <linux/time64.h> +#include <linux/if_ether.h> +#include "lpm_trie_bench.skel.h" +#include "lpm_trie_map.skel.h" +#include "bench.h" +#include "testing_helpers.h" + +static struct ctx { + struct lpm_trie_bench *bench; +} ctx; + +static struct { + __u32 nr_entries; + __u32 prefixlen; +} args = { + .nr_entries = 10000, + .prefixlen = 32, +}; + +enum { + ARG_NR_ENTRIES = 9000, + ARG_PREFIX_LEN, +}; + +static const struct argp_option opts[] = { + { "nr_entries", ARG_NR_ENTRIES, "NR_ENTRIES", 0, + "Number of unique entries in the LPM trie" }, + { "prefix_len", ARG_PREFIX_LEN, "PREFIX_LEN", 0, + "Number of prefix bits to use in the LPM trie" }, + {}, +}; + +static error_t lpm_parse_arg(int key, char *arg, struct argp_state *state) +{ + long ret; + + switch (key) { + case ARG_NR_ENTRIES: + ret = strtol(arg, NULL, 10); + if (ret < 1 || ret > UINT_MAX) { + fprintf(stderr, "Invalid nr_entries count."); + argp_usage(state); + } + args.nr_entries = ret; + break; + case ARG_PREFIX_LEN: + ret = strtol(arg, NULL, 10); + if (ret < 1 || ret > UINT_MAX) { + fprintf(stderr, "Invalid prefix_len value."); + argp_usage(state); + } + args.prefixlen = ret; + break; + default: + return ARGP_ERR_UNKNOWN; + } + return 0; +} + +const struct argp bench_lpm_trie_map_argp = { + .options = opts, + .parser = lpm_parse_arg, +}; + +static void __lpm_validate(void) +{ + if (env.consumer_cnt != 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "benchmark doesn't support consumer!\n"); + exit(1); + } + + if ((1UL << args.prefixlen) < args.nr_entries) { + fprintf(stderr, "prefix_len value too small for nr_entries!\n"); + exit(1); + }; +} + +enum { OP_LOOKUP = 1, OP_UPDATE, OP_DELETE, OP_FREE }; + +static void lpm_delete_validate(void) +{ + __lpm_validate(); + + if (env.producer_cnt != 1) { + fprintf(stderr, + "lpm-trie-delete requires a single producer!\n"); + exit(1); + } +} + +static void lpm_free_validate(void) +{ + __lpm_validate(); + + if (env.producer_cnt != 1) { + fprintf(stderr, "lpm-trie-free requires a single producer!\n"); + exit(1); + } +} + +static void fill_map(int map_fd) +{ + int i, err; + + for (i = 0; i < args.nr_entries; i++) { + struct trie_key { + __u32 prefixlen; + __u32 data; + } key = { args.prefixlen, i }; + __u32 val = 1; + + err = bpf_map_update_elem(map_fd, &key, &val, BPF_NOEXIST); + if (err) { + fprintf(stderr, "failed to add key %d to map: %d\n", + key.data, -err); + exit(1); + } + } +} + +static void __lpm_setup(void) +{ + ctx.bench = lpm_trie_bench__open_and_load(); + if (!ctx.bench) { + fprintf(stderr, "failed to open skeleton\n"); + exit(1); + } + + ctx.bench->bss->nr_entries = args.nr_entries; + ctx.bench->bss->prefixlen = args.prefixlen; + + if (lpm_trie_bench__attach(ctx.bench)) { + fprintf(stderr, "failed to attach skeleton\n"); + exit(1); + } +} + +static void lpm_setup(void) +{ + int fd; + + __lpm_setup(); + + fd = bpf_map__fd(ctx.bench->maps.trie_map); + fill_map(fd); +} + +static void lpm_lookup_setup(void) +{ + lpm_setup(); + + ctx.bench->bss->op = OP_LOOKUP; +} + +static void lpm_update_setup(void) +{ + lpm_setup(); + + ctx.bench->bss->op = OP_UPDATE; +} + +static void lpm_delete_setup(void) +{ + lpm_setup(); + + ctx.bench->bss->op = OP_DELETE; +} + +static void lpm_free_setup(void) +{ + __lpm_setup(); + ctx.bench->bss->op = OP_FREE; +} + +static void lpm_measure(struct bench_res *res) +{ + res->hits = atomic_swap(&ctx.bench->bss->hits, 0); + res->duration_ns = atomic_swap(&ctx.bench->bss->duration_ns, 0); +} + +/* For LOOKUP, UPDATE, and DELETE */ +static void *lpm_producer(void *unused __always_unused) +{ + int err; + char in[ETH_HLEN]; /* unused */ + + LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_test_run_opts, opts, .data_in = in, + .data_size_in = sizeof(in), .repeat = 1, ); + + while (true) { + int fd = bpf_program__fd(ctx.bench->progs.run_bench); + err = bpf_prog_test_run_opts(fd, &opts); + if (err) { + fprintf(stderr, "failed to run BPF prog: %d\n", err); + exit(1); + } + + if (opts.retval < 0) { + fprintf(stderr, "BPF prog returned error: %d\n", + opts.retval); + exit(1); + } + + if (ctx.bench->bss->op == OP_DELETE && opts.retval == 1) { + /* trie_map needs to be refilled */ + fill_map(bpf_map__fd(ctx.bench->maps.trie_map)); + } + } + + return NULL; +} + +static void *lpm_free_producer(void *unused __always_unused) +{ + while (true) { + struct lpm_trie_map *skel; + + skel = lpm_trie_map__open_and_load(); + if (!skel) { + fprintf(stderr, "failed to open skeleton\n"); + exit(1); + } + + fill_map(bpf_map__fd(skel->maps.trie_free_map)); + lpm_trie_map__destroy(skel); + } + + return NULL; +} + +static void free_ops_report_progress(int iter, struct bench_res *res, + long delta_ns) +{ + double hits_per_sec, hits_per_prod; + double rate_divisor = 1000.0; + char rate = 'K'; + + hits_per_sec = res->hits / (res->duration_ns / (double)NSEC_PER_SEC) / + rate_divisor; + hits_per_prod = hits_per_sec / env.producer_cnt; + + printf("Iter %3d (%7.3lfus): ", iter, + (delta_ns - NSEC_PER_SEC) / 1000.0); + printf("hits %8.3lf%c/s (%7.3lf%c/prod)\n", hits_per_sec, rate, + hits_per_prod, rate); +} + +static void free_ops_report_final(struct bench_res res[], int res_cnt) +{ + double hits_mean = 0.0, hits_stddev = 0.0; + double lat_divisor = 1000000.0; + double rate_divisor = 1000.0; + const char *unit = "ms"; + double latency = 0.0; + char rate = 'K'; + int i; + + for (i = 0; i < res_cnt; i++) { + double val = res[i].hits / rate_divisor / + (res[i].duration_ns / (double)NSEC_PER_SEC); + hits_mean += val / (0.0 + res_cnt); + latency += res[i].duration_ns / res[i].hits / (0.0 + res_cnt); + } + + if (res_cnt > 1) { + for (i = 0; i < res_cnt; i++) { + double val = + res[i].hits / rate_divisor / + (res[i].duration_ns / (double)NSEC_PER_SEC); + hits_stddev += (hits_mean - val) * (hits_mean - val) / + (res_cnt - 1.0); + } + + hits_stddev = sqrt(hits_stddev); + } + printf("Summary: throughput %8.3lf \u00B1 %5.3lf %c ops/s (%7.3lf%c ops/prod), ", + hits_mean, hits_stddev, rate, hits_mean / env.producer_cnt, + rate); + printf("latency %8.3lf %s/op\n", + latency / lat_divisor / env.producer_cnt, unit); +} + +const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_lookup = { + .name = "lpm-trie-lookup", + .argp = &bench_lpm_trie_map_argp, + .validate = __lpm_validate, + .setup = lpm_lookup_setup, + .producer_thread = lpm_producer, + .measure = lpm_measure, + .report_progress = ops_report_progress, + .report_final = ops_report_final, +}; + +const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_update = { + .name = "lpm-trie-update", + .argp = &bench_lpm_trie_map_argp, + .validate = __lpm_validate, + .setup = lpm_update_setup, + .producer_thread = lpm_producer, + .measure = lpm_measure, + .report_progress = ops_report_progress, + .report_final = ops_report_final, +}; + +const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_delete = { + .name = "lpm-trie-delete", + .argp = &bench_lpm_trie_map_argp, + .validate = lpm_delete_validate, + .setup = lpm_delete_setup, + .producer_thread = lpm_producer, + .measure = lpm_measure, + .report_progress = ops_report_progress, + .report_final = ops_report_final, +}; + +const struct bench bench_lpm_trie_free = { + .name = "lpm-trie-free", + .argp = &bench_lpm_trie_map_argp, + .validate = lpm_free_validate, + .setup = lpm_free_setup, + .producer_thread = lpm_free_producer, + .measure = lpm_measure, + .report_progress = free_ops_report_progress, + .report_final = free_ops_report_final, +}; diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_bench.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_bench.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..522e1cbef490 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_bench.c @@ -0,0 +1,171 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 +/* Copyright (c) 2025 Cloudflare */ + +#include <vmlinux.h> +#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h> +#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h> +#include <bpf/bpf_core_read.h> +#include "bpf_misc.h" + +#define BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN 16U +#define MAX_ENTRIES 100000000 +#define NR_LOOPS 10000 + +struct trie_key { + __u32 prefixlen; + __u32 data; +}; + +char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL"; + +struct { + __uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH); + __uint(max_entries, 512); + __type(key, struct bpf_map *); + __type(value, __u64); +} latency_free_start SEC(".maps"); + +/* Filled by userspace. See fill_map() in bench_lpm_trie_map.c */ +struct { + __uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE); + __type(key, struct trie_key); + __type(value, __u32); + __uint(map_flags, BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC); + __uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES); +} trie_map SEC(".maps"); + +long hits; +long duration_ns; + +/* Configured from userspace */ +__u32 nr_entries; +__u32 prefixlen; +__u8 op; + +SEC("fentry/bpf_map_free_deferred") +int BPF_PROG(trie_free_entry, struct work_struct *work) +{ + struct bpf_map *map = container_of(work, struct bpf_map, work); + char name[BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN]; + u32 map_type; + __u64 val; + + map_type = BPF_CORE_READ(map, map_type); + if (map_type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE) + return 0; + + /* + * Ideally we'd have access to the map ID but that's already + * freed before we enter trie_free(). + */ + BPF_CORE_READ_STR_INTO(&name, map, name); + if (bpf_strncmp(name, BPF_OBJ_NAME_LEN, "trie_free_map")) + return 0; + + val = bpf_ktime_get_ns(); + bpf_map_update_elem(&latency_free_start, &map, &val, BPF_ANY); + + return 0; +} + +SEC("fexit/bpf_map_free_deferred") +int BPF_PROG(trie_free_exit, struct work_struct *work) +{ + struct bpf_map *map = container_of(work, struct bpf_map, work); + __u64 *val; + + val = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&latency_free_start, &map); + if (val) { + __sync_add_and_fetch(&duration_ns, bpf_ktime_get_ns() - *val); + __sync_add_and_fetch(&hits, 1); + bpf_map_delete_elem(&latency_free_start, &map); + } + + return 0; +} + +static void gen_random_key(struct trie_key *key) +{ + key->prefixlen = prefixlen; + key->data = bpf_get_prandom_u32() % nr_entries; +} + +static int lookup(__u32 index, __u32 *unused) +{ + struct trie_key key; + + gen_random_key(&key); + bpf_map_lookup_elem(&trie_map, &key); + return 0; +} + +static int update(__u32 index, __u32 *unused) +{ + struct trie_key key; + u32 val = bpf_get_prandom_u32(); + + gen_random_key(&key); + bpf_map_update_elem(&trie_map, &key, &val, BPF_EXIST); + return 0; +} + +static __u32 deleted_entries; + +static int delete (__u32 index, bool *need_refill) +{ + struct trie_key key = { + .data = deleted_entries, + .prefixlen = prefixlen, + }; + + bpf_map_delete_elem(&trie_map, &key); + + /* Do we need to refill the map? */ + if (++deleted_entries == nr_entries) { + /* + * Atomicity isn't required because DELETE only supports + * one producer running concurrently. What we need is a + * way to track how many entries have been deleted from + * the trie between consecutive invocations of the BPF + * prog because a single bpf_loop() call might not + * delete all entries, e.g. when NR_LOOPS < nr_entries. + */ + deleted_entries = 0; + *need_refill = true; + return 1; + } + + return 0; +} + +SEC("xdp") +int BPF_PROG(run_bench) +{ + bool need_refill = false; + u64 start, delta; + int loops; + + start = bpf_ktime_get_ns(); + + switch (op) { + case 1: + loops = bpf_loop(NR_LOOPS, lookup, NULL, 0); + break; + case 2: + loops = bpf_loop(NR_LOOPS, update, NULL, 0); + break; + case 3: + loops = bpf_loop(NR_LOOPS, delete, &need_refill, 0); + break; + default: + bpf_printk("invalid benchmark operation\n"); + return -1; + } + + delta = bpf_ktime_get_ns() - start; + + __sync_add_and_fetch(&duration_ns, delta); + __sync_add_and_fetch(&hits, loops); + + return need_refill; +} diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_map.c b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_map.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..2ab43e2cd6c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/bpf/progs/lpm_trie_map.c @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */ +#include <linux/bpf.h> +#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h> +#include <bpf/bpf_tracing.h> + +#define MAX_ENTRIES 100000000 + +struct trie_key { + __u32 prefixlen; + __u32 data; +}; + +struct { + __uint(type, BPF_MAP_TYPE_LPM_TRIE); + __type(key, struct trie_key); + __type(value, __u32); + __uint(map_flags, BPF_F_NO_PREALLOC); + __uint(max_entries, MAX_ENTRIES); +} trie_free_map SEC(".maps"); -- 2.34.1

3 weeks, 5 days

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[PATCH] KVM: selftests: fix minor typo in cpumodel_subfuncs

by Gopi Krishna Menon

Specifically, fix spelling of "available" in main function. Signed-off-by: Gopi Krishna Menon <krishnagopi487(a)gmail.com> --- tools/testing/selftests/kvm/s390/cpumodel_subfuncs_test.c | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/s390/cpumodel_subfuncs_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/s390/cpumodel_subfuncs_test.c index 27255880dabd..aded795d42be 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/s390/cpumodel_subfuncs_test.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/kvm/s390/cpumodel_subfuncs_test.c @@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) ksft_test_result_pass("%s\n", testlist[idx].subfunc_name); free(array); } else { - ksft_test_result_skip("%s feature is not avaialable\n", + ksft_test_result_skip("%s feature is not available\n", testlist[idx].subfunc_name); } } -- 2.43.0

3 weeks, 5 days

1
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[PATCH 0/3] kho: fixes and cleanups

by Mike Rapoport

From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" <rppt(a)kernel.org> Hi, These are small KHO and KHO test fixes and cleanups Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) (3): kho: allow scratch areas with zero size lib/test_kho: fixes for error handling selftest/kho: update generation of initrd kernel/kexec_handover.c | 7 +++- lib/test_kho.c | 52 +++++++++++++++++---------- tools/testing/selftests/kho/init.c | 13 +++---- tools/testing/selftests/kho/vmtest.sh | 28 ++++++++------- 4 files changed, 58 insertions(+), 42 deletions(-) base-commit: 8f5ae30d69d7543eee0d70083daf4de8fe15d585 -- 2.47.2

3 weeks, 5 days

2
7
0 0

[PATCH v2 0/7] kunit: Refactor and extend KUnit's parameterized testing framework

by Marie Zhussupova

Hello! KUnit offers a parameterized testing framework, where tests can be run multiple times with different inputs. However, the current implementation uses the same `struct kunit` for each parameter run. After each run, the test context gets cleaned up, which creates the following limitations: a. There is no way to store resources that are accessible across the individual parameter runs. b. It's not possible to pass additional context, besides the previous parameter (and potentially anything else that is stored in the current test context), to the parameter generator function. c. Test users are restricted to using pre-defined static arrays of parameter objects or generate_params() to define their parameters. There is no flexibility to make a custom dynamic array without using generate_params(), which can be complex if generating the next parameter depends on more than just the single previous parameter. This patch series resolves these limitations by: 1. [P 1] Giving each parameterized run its own `struct kunit`. It will remove the need to manage state, such as resetting the `test->priv` field or the `test->status_comment` after every parameter run. 2. [P 1] Introducing parameterized test context available to all parameter runs through the parent pointer of type `struct kunit`. This context won't be used to execute any test logic, but will instead be used for storing shared resources. Each parameter run context will have a reference to that parent instance and thus, have access to those resources. 3. [P 2] Introducing param_init() and param_exit() functions that can initialize and exit the parameterized test context. They will run once before and after the parameterized test. param_init() can be used to add resources to share between parameter runs, pass parameter arrays, and any other setup logic. While param_exit() can be used to clean up resources that were not managed by the parameterized test, and any other teardown logic. 4. [P 3] Passing the parameterized test context as an additional argument to generate_params(). This provides generate_params() with more context, making parameter generation much more flexible. The generate_params() implementations in the KCSAN and drm/xe tests have been adapted to match the new function pointer signature. 5. [P 4] Introducing a `params_array` field in `struct kunit`. This will allow the parameterized test context to have direct storage of the parameter array, enabling features like using dynamic parameter arrays or using context beyond just the previous parameter. This will also enable outputting the KTAP test plan for a parameterized test when the parameter count is available. Patches 5 and 6 add examples tests to lib/kunit/kunit-example-test.c to showcase the new features and patch 7 updates the KUnit documentation to reflect all the framework changes. Thank you! -Marie --- Changes in v2: Link to v1 of this patch series: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250729193647.3410634-1-marievic@google.com/ - Establish parameterized testing terminology: - "parameterized test" will refer to the group of all runs of a single test function with different parameters. - "parameter run" will refer to the execution of the test case function with a single parameter. - "parameterized test context" is the `struct kunit` that holds the context for the entire parameterized test. - "parameter run context" is the `struct kunit` that holds the context of the individual parameter run. - A test is defined to be a parameterized tests if it was registered with a generator function. - Make comment edits to reflect the established terminology. - Require users to manually pass kunit_array_gen_params() to KUNIT_CASE_PARAM_WITH_INIT() as the generator function, unless they want to provide their own generator function, if the parameter array was registered in param_init(). This is to be consistent with the definition of a parameterized test, i.e. generate_params() is never NULL if it's a parameterized test. - Change name of kunit_get_next_param_and_desc() to kunit_array_gen_params(). - Other minor function name changes such as removing the "__" prefix in front of internal functions. - Change signature of get_description() in `struct params_array` to accept the parameterized test context, as well. - Output the KTAP test plan for a parameterized test when the parameter count is available. - Cover letter was made more concise. - Edits to the example tests. - Fix bug of parameterized test init/exit logic being done outside of the parameterized test check. - Fix bugs identified by the kernel test robot. --- Marie Zhussupova (7): kunit: Add parent kunit for parameterized test context kunit: Introduce param_init/exit for parameterized test context management kunit: Pass parameterized test context to generate_params() kunit: Enable direct registration of parameter arrays to a KUnit test kunit: Add example parameterized test with shared resource management using the Resource API kunit: Add example parameterized test with direct dynamic parameter array setup Documentation: kunit: Document new parameterized test features Documentation/dev-tools/kunit/usage.rst | 342 +++++++++++++++++++++++- drivers/gpu/drm/xe/tests/xe_pci.c | 2 +- include/kunit/test.h | 95 ++++++- kernel/kcsan/kcsan_test.c | 2 +- lib/kunit/kunit-example-test.c | 222 +++++++++++++++ lib/kunit/test.c | 87 ++++-- rust/kernel/kunit.rs | 4 + 7 files changed, 726 insertions(+), 28 deletions(-) -- 2.51.0.rc0.205.g4a044479a3-goog

3 weeks, 5 days

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