From: "Mike Rapoport (Microsoft)" rppt@kernel.org
The KHO framework uses a notifier chain as the mechanism for clients to participate in the finalization process. While this works for a single, central state machine, it is too restrictive for kernel-internal components like pstore/reserve_mem or IMA. These components need a simpler, direct way to register their state for preservation (e.g., during their initcall) without being part of a complex, shutdown-time notifier sequence. The notifier model forces all participants into a single finalization flow and makes direct preservation from an arbitrary context difficult. This patch refactors the client participation model by removing the notifier chain and introducing a direct API for managing FDT subtrees.
The core kho_finalize() and kho_abort() state machine remains, but clients now register their data with KHO beforehand.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) rppt@kernel.org Co-developed-by: Pasha Tatashin pasha.tatashin@soleen.com Signed-off-by: Pasha Tatashin pasha.tatashin@soleen.com --- include/linux/kexec_handover.h | 28 +----- kernel/kexec_handover.c | 166 +++++++++++++++++-------------- kernel/kexec_handover_debugfs.c | 17 ++-- kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h | 5 +- lib/test_kho.c | 33 +----- mm/memblock.c | 62 +++--------- 6 files changed, 126 insertions(+), 185 deletions(-)
diff --git a/include/linux/kexec_handover.h b/include/linux/kexec_handover.h index 04d0108db98e..2faf290803ce 100644 --- a/include/linux/kexec_handover.h +++ b/include/linux/kexec_handover.h @@ -10,14 +10,7 @@ struct kho_scratch { phys_addr_t size; };
-/* KHO Notifier index */ -enum kho_event { - KEXEC_KHO_FINALIZE = 0, - KEXEC_KHO_ABORT = 1, -}; - struct folio; -struct notifier_block; struct page;
#define DECLARE_KHOSER_PTR(name, type) \ @@ -37,8 +30,6 @@ struct page; (typeof((s).ptr))((s).phys ? phys_to_virt((s).phys) : NULL); \ })
-struct kho_serialization; - struct kho_vmalloc_chunk; struct kho_vmalloc { DECLARE_KHOSER_PTR(first, struct kho_vmalloc_chunk *); @@ -57,12 +48,10 @@ int kho_preserve_vmalloc(void *ptr, struct kho_vmalloc *preservation); struct folio *kho_restore_folio(phys_addr_t phys); struct page *kho_restore_pages(phys_addr_t phys, unsigned int nr_pages); void *kho_restore_vmalloc(const struct kho_vmalloc *preservation); -int kho_add_subtree(struct kho_serialization *ser, const char *name, void *fdt); +int kho_add_subtree(const char *name, void *fdt); +void kho_remove_subtree(void *fdt); int kho_retrieve_subtree(const char *name, phys_addr_t *phys);
-int register_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb); -int unregister_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb); - void kho_memory_init(void);
void kho_populate(phys_addr_t fdt_phys, u64 fdt_len, phys_addr_t scratch_phys, @@ -114,23 +103,16 @@ static inline void *kho_restore_vmalloc(const struct kho_vmalloc *preservation) return NULL; }
-static inline int kho_add_subtree(struct kho_serialization *ser, - const char *name, void *fdt) +static inline int kho_add_subtree(const char *name, void *fdt) { return -EOPNOTSUPP; }
-static inline int kho_retrieve_subtree(const char *name, phys_addr_t *phys) +static inline void kho_remove_subtree(void *fdt) { - return -EOPNOTSUPP; }
-static inline int register_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) -{ - return -EOPNOTSUPP; -} - -static inline int unregister_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) +static inline int kho_retrieve_subtree(const char *name, phys_addr_t *phys) { return -EOPNOTSUPP; } diff --git a/kernel/kexec_handover.c b/kernel/kexec_handover.c index da071277d85e..82137eba1474 100644 --- a/kernel/kexec_handover.c +++ b/kernel/kexec_handover.c @@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ #include <linux/libfdt.h> #include <linux/list.h> #include <linux/memblock.h> -#include <linux/notifier.h> #include <linux/page-isolation.h> #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
@@ -103,29 +102,34 @@ struct kho_mem_track {
struct khoser_mem_chunk;
-struct kho_serialization { - struct page *fdt; - struct kho_mem_track track; - /* First chunk of serialized preserved memory map */ - struct khoser_mem_chunk *preserved_mem_map; +struct kho_sub_fdt { + struct list_head l; + const char *name; + void *fdt; };
struct kho_out { - struct blocking_notifier_head chain_head; - struct mutex lock; /* protects KHO FDT finalization */ - struct kho_serialization ser; + void *fdt; bool finalized; + struct mutex lock; /* protects KHO FDT finalization */ + + struct list_head sub_fdts; + struct mutex fdts_lock; + + struct kho_mem_track track; + /* First chunk of serialized preserved memory map */ + struct khoser_mem_chunk *preserved_mem_map; + struct kho_debugfs dbg; };
static struct kho_out kho_out = { - .chain_head = BLOCKING_NOTIFIER_INIT(kho_out.chain_head), .lock = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(kho_out.lock), - .ser = { - .track = { - .orders = XARRAY_INIT(kho_out.ser.track.orders, 0), - }, + .track = { + .orders = XARRAY_INIT(kho_out.track.orders, 0), }, + .sub_fdts = LIST_HEAD_INIT(kho_out.sub_fdts), + .fdts_lock = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(kho_out.fdts_lock), .finalized = false, };
@@ -369,7 +373,7 @@ static void kho_mem_ser_free(struct khoser_mem_chunk *first_chunk) } }
-static int kho_mem_serialize(struct kho_serialization *ser) +static int kho_mem_serialize(struct kho_out *kho_out) { struct khoser_mem_chunk *first_chunk = NULL; struct khoser_mem_chunk *chunk = NULL; @@ -377,7 +381,7 @@ static int kho_mem_serialize(struct kho_serialization *ser) unsigned long order; int err = -ENOMEM;
- xa_for_each(&ser->track.orders, order, physxa) { + xa_for_each(&kho_out->track.orders, order, physxa) { struct kho_mem_phys_bits *bits; unsigned long phys;
@@ -409,7 +413,7 @@ static int kho_mem_serialize(struct kho_serialization *ser) } }
- ser->preserved_mem_map = first_chunk; + kho_out->preserved_mem_map = first_chunk;
return 0;
@@ -670,7 +674,6 @@ static void __init kho_reserve_scratch(void)
/** * kho_add_subtree - record the physical address of a sub FDT in KHO root tree. - * @ser: serialization control object passed by KHO notifiers. * @name: name of the sub tree. * @fdt: the sub tree blob. * @@ -684,34 +687,41 @@ static void __init kho_reserve_scratch(void) * * Return: 0 on success, error code on failure */ -int kho_add_subtree(struct kho_serialization *ser, const char *name, void *fdt) +int kho_add_subtree(const char *name, void *fdt) { - int err = 0; - u64 phys = (u64)virt_to_phys(fdt); - void *root = page_to_virt(ser->fdt); + struct kho_sub_fdt *sub_fdt;
- err |= fdt_begin_node(root, name); - err |= fdt_property(root, PROP_SUB_FDT, &phys, sizeof(phys)); - err |= fdt_end_node(root); + sub_fdt = kmalloc(sizeof(*sub_fdt), GFP_KERNEL); + if (!sub_fdt) + return -ENOMEM;
- if (err) - return err; + INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sub_fdt->l); + sub_fdt->name = name; + sub_fdt->fdt = fdt;
- return kho_debugfs_fdt_add(&kho_out.dbg, name, fdt, false); -} -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kho_add_subtree); + guard(mutex)(&kho_out.fdts_lock); + list_add_tail(&sub_fdt->l, &kho_out.sub_fdts); + WARN_ON_ONCE(kho_debugfs_fdt_add(&kho_out.dbg, name, fdt, false));
-int register_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) -{ - return blocking_notifier_chain_register(&kho_out.chain_head, nb); + return 0; } -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kho_notifier); +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kho_add_subtree);
-int unregister_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb) +void kho_remove_subtree(void *fdt) { - return blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(&kho_out.chain_head, nb); + struct kho_sub_fdt *sub_fdt; + + guard(mutex)(&kho_out.fdts_lock); + list_for_each_entry(sub_fdt, &kho_out.sub_fdts, l) { + if (sub_fdt->fdt == fdt) { + list_del(&sub_fdt->l); + kfree(sub_fdt); + kho_debugfs_fdt_remove(&kho_out.dbg, fdt); + break; + } + } } -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kho_notifier); +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kho_remove_subtree);
/** * kho_preserve_folio - preserve a folio across kexec. @@ -726,7 +736,7 @@ int kho_preserve_folio(struct folio *folio) { const unsigned long pfn = folio_pfn(folio); const unsigned int order = folio_order(folio); - struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.ser.track; + struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.track;
if (WARN_ON(kho_scratch_overlap(pfn << PAGE_SHIFT, PAGE_SIZE << order))) return -EINVAL; @@ -747,7 +757,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kho_preserve_folio); */ int kho_preserve_pages(struct page *page, unsigned int nr_pages) { - struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.ser.track; + struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.track; const unsigned long start_pfn = page_to_pfn(page); const unsigned long end_pfn = start_pfn + nr_pages; unsigned long pfn = start_pfn; @@ -848,7 +858,7 @@ static struct kho_vmalloc_chunk *new_vmalloc_chunk(struct kho_vmalloc_chunk *cur
static void kho_vmalloc_unpreserve_chunk(struct kho_vmalloc_chunk *chunk) { - struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.ser.track; + struct kho_mem_track *track = &kho_out.track; unsigned long pfn = PHYS_PFN(virt_to_phys(chunk));
__kho_unpreserve(track, pfn, pfn + 1); @@ -1030,11 +1040,11 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kho_restore_vmalloc);
static int __kho_abort(void) { - int err; + int err = 0; unsigned long order; struct kho_mem_phys *physxa;
- xa_for_each(&kho_out.ser.track.orders, order, physxa) { + xa_for_each(&kho_out.track.orders, order, physxa) { struct kho_mem_phys_bits *bits; unsigned long phys;
@@ -1044,17 +1054,13 @@ static int __kho_abort(void) xa_destroy(&physxa->phys_bits); kfree(physxa); } - xa_destroy(&kho_out.ser.track.orders); + xa_destroy(&kho_out.track.orders);
- if (kho_out.ser.preserved_mem_map) { - kho_mem_ser_free(kho_out.ser.preserved_mem_map); - kho_out.ser.preserved_mem_map = NULL; + if (kho_out.preserved_mem_map) { + kho_mem_ser_free(kho_out.preserved_mem_map); + kho_out.preserved_mem_map = NULL; }
- err = blocking_notifier_call_chain(&kho_out.chain_head, KEXEC_KHO_ABORT, - NULL); - err = notifier_to_errno(err); - if (err) pr_err("Failed to abort KHO finalization: %d\n", err);
@@ -1077,7 +1083,8 @@ int kho_abort(void) return ret;
kho_out.finalized = false; - kho_debugfs_cleanup(&kho_out.dbg); + + kho_debugfs_fdt_remove(&kho_out.dbg, kho_out.fdt);
return 0; } @@ -1086,41 +1093,46 @@ static int __kho_finalize(void) { int err = 0; u64 *preserved_mem_map; - void *fdt = page_to_virt(kho_out.ser.fdt); + void *root = kho_out.fdt; + struct kho_sub_fdt *fdt;
- err |= fdt_create(fdt, PAGE_SIZE); - err |= fdt_finish_reservemap(fdt); - err |= fdt_begin_node(fdt, ""); - err |= fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", KHO_FDT_COMPATIBLE); + err |= fdt_create(root, PAGE_SIZE); + err |= fdt_finish_reservemap(root); + err |= fdt_begin_node(root, ""); + err |= fdt_property_string(root, "compatible", KHO_FDT_COMPATIBLE); /** * Reserve the preserved-memory-map property in the root FDT, so * that all property definitions will precede subnodes created by * KHO callers. */ - err |= fdt_property_placeholder(fdt, PROP_PRESERVED_MEMORY_MAP, + err |= fdt_property_placeholder(root, PROP_PRESERVED_MEMORY_MAP, sizeof(*preserved_mem_map), (void **)&preserved_mem_map); if (err) goto abort;
- err = kho_preserve_folio(page_folio(kho_out.ser.fdt)); + err = kho_preserve_folio(virt_to_folio(kho_out.fdt)); if (err) goto abort;
- err = blocking_notifier_call_chain(&kho_out.chain_head, - KEXEC_KHO_FINALIZE, &kho_out.ser); - err = notifier_to_errno(err); + err = kho_mem_serialize(&kho_out); if (err) goto abort;
- err = kho_mem_serialize(&kho_out.ser); - if (err) - goto abort; + *preserved_mem_map = (u64)virt_to_phys(kho_out.preserved_mem_map); + + mutex_lock(&kho_out.fdts_lock); + list_for_each_entry(fdt, &kho_out.sub_fdts, l) { + phys_addr_t phys = virt_to_phys(fdt->fdt);
- *preserved_mem_map = (u64)virt_to_phys(kho_out.ser.preserved_mem_map); + err |= fdt_begin_node(root, fdt->name); + err |= fdt_property(root, PROP_SUB_FDT, &phys, sizeof(phys)); + err |= fdt_end_node(root); + } + mutex_unlock(&kho_out.fdts_lock);
- err |= fdt_end_node(fdt); - err |= fdt_finish(fdt); + err |= fdt_end_node(root); + err |= fdt_finish(root);
abort: if (err) { @@ -1148,8 +1160,10 @@ int kho_finalize(void)
kho_out.finalized = true;
- return kho_debugfs_fdt_add(&kho_out.dbg, "fdt", - page_to_virt(kho_out.ser.fdt), true); + WARN_ON_ONCE(kho_debugfs_fdt_add(&kho_out.dbg, "fdt", + kho_out.fdt, true)); + + return 0; }
bool kho_finalized(void) @@ -1232,15 +1246,17 @@ static __init int kho_init(void) { int err = 0; const void *fdt = kho_get_fdt(); + struct page *fdt_page;
if (!kho_enable) return 0;
- kho_out.ser.fdt = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL); - if (!kho_out.ser.fdt) { + fdt_page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL); + if (!fdt_page) { err = -ENOMEM; goto err_free_scratch; } + kho_out.fdt = page_to_virt(fdt_page);
err = kho_debugfs_init(); if (err) @@ -1268,8 +1284,8 @@ static __init int kho_init(void) return 0;
err_free_fdt: - put_page(kho_out.ser.fdt); - kho_out.ser.fdt = NULL; + put_page(fdt_page); + kho_out.fdt = NULL; err_free_scratch: for (int i = 0; i < kho_scratch_cnt; i++) { void *start = __va(kho_scratch[i].addr); @@ -1280,7 +1296,7 @@ static __init int kho_init(void) kho_enable = false; return err; } -late_initcall(kho_init); +fs_initcall(kho_init);
static void __init kho_release_scratch(void) { @@ -1416,7 +1432,7 @@ int kho_fill_kimage(struct kimage *image) if (!kho_out.finalized) return 0;
- image->kho.fdt = page_to_phys(kho_out.ser.fdt); + image->kho.fdt = virt_to_phys(kho_out.fdt);
scratch_size = sizeof(*kho_scratch) * kho_scratch_cnt; scratch = (struct kexec_buf){ diff --git a/kernel/kexec_handover_debugfs.c b/kernel/kexec_handover_debugfs.c index a91b279f1b23..46e9e6c0791f 100644 --- a/kernel/kexec_handover_debugfs.c +++ b/kernel/kexec_handover_debugfs.c @@ -61,14 +61,17 @@ int kho_debugfs_fdt_add(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, const char *name, return __kho_debugfs_fdt_add(&dbg->fdt_list, dir, name, fdt); }
-void kho_debugfs_cleanup(struct kho_debugfs *dbg) +void kho_debugfs_fdt_remove(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, void *fdt) { - struct fdt_debugfs *ff, *tmp; - - list_for_each_entry_safe(ff, tmp, &dbg->fdt_list, list) { - debugfs_remove(ff->file); - list_del(&ff->list); - kfree(ff); + struct fdt_debugfs *ff; + + list_for_each_entry(ff, &dbg->fdt_list, list) { + if (ff->wrapper.data == fdt) { + debugfs_remove(ff->file); + list_del(&ff->list); + kfree(ff); + break; + } } }
diff --git a/kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h b/kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h index 28c0e971613d..17ae101dc6ae 100644 --- a/kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h +++ b/kernel/kexec_handover_internal.h @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ void kho_in_debugfs_init(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, const void *fdt); int kho_out_debugfs_init(struct kho_debugfs *dbg); int kho_debugfs_fdt_add(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, const char *name, const void *fdt, bool root); -void kho_debugfs_cleanup(struct kho_debugfs *dbg); +void kho_debugfs_fdt_remove(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, void *fdt); #else static inline int kho_debugfs_init(void) { return 0; } static inline void kho_in_debugfs_init(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, @@ -38,7 +38,8 @@ static inline void kho_in_debugfs_init(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, static inline int kho_out_debugfs_init(struct kho_debugfs *dbg) { return 0; } static inline int kho_debugfs_fdt_add(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, const char *name, const void *fdt, bool root) { return 0; } -static inline void kho_debugfs_cleanup(struct kho_debugfs *dbg) {} +static inline void kho_debugfs_fdt_remove(struct kho_debugfs *dbg, + void *fdt) { } #endif /* CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER_DEBUGFS */
#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_HANDOVER_DEBUG diff --git a/lib/test_kho.c b/lib/test_kho.c index 60cd899ea745..1c6c4ce83666 100644 --- a/lib/test_kho.c +++ b/lib/test_kho.c @@ -39,33 +39,6 @@ struct kho_test_state {
static struct kho_test_state kho_test_state;
-static int kho_test_notifier(struct notifier_block *self, unsigned long cmd, - void *v) -{ - struct kho_test_state *state = &kho_test_state; - struct kho_serialization *ser = v; - int err = 0; - - switch (cmd) { - case KEXEC_KHO_ABORT: - return NOTIFY_DONE; - case KEXEC_KHO_FINALIZE: - /* Handled below */ - break; - default: - return NOTIFY_BAD; - } - - err |= kho_preserve_folio(state->fdt); - err |= kho_add_subtree(ser, KHO_TEST_FDT, folio_address(state->fdt)); - - return err ? NOTIFY_BAD : NOTIFY_DONE; -} - -static struct notifier_block kho_test_nb = { - .notifier_call = kho_test_notifier, -}; - static int kho_test_save_data(struct kho_test_state *state, void *fdt) { phys_addr_t *folios_info __free(kvfree) = NULL; @@ -120,6 +93,7 @@ static int kho_test_prepare_fdt(struct kho_test_state *state)
fdt = folio_address(state->fdt);
+ err |= kho_preserve_folio(state->fdt); err |= fdt_create(fdt, fdt_size); err |= fdt_finish_reservemap(fdt);
@@ -131,6 +105,7 @@ static int kho_test_prepare_fdt(struct kho_test_state *state)
err |= fdt_finish(fdt);
+ err = kho_add_subtree(KHO_TEST_FDT, folio_address(state->fdt)); if (err) folio_put(state->fdt);
@@ -203,7 +178,7 @@ static int kho_test_save(void) if (err) goto err_free_folios;
- err = register_kho_notifier(&kho_test_nb); + err = kho_add_subtree(KHO_TEST_FDT, folio_address(state->fdt)); if (err) goto err_free_fdt;
@@ -326,7 +301,7 @@ static void kho_test_cleanup(void)
static void __exit kho_test_exit(void) { - unregister_kho_notifier(&kho_test_nb); + kho_remove_subtree(folio_address(kho_test_state.fdt)); kho_test_cleanup(); } module_exit(kho_test_exit); diff --git a/mm/memblock.c b/mm/memblock.c index e23e16618e9b..e3bef9b35d63 100644 --- a/mm/memblock.c +++ b/mm/memblock.c @@ -2444,53 +2444,18 @@ int reserve_mem_release_by_name(const char *name) #define MEMBLOCK_KHO_FDT "memblock" #define MEMBLOCK_KHO_NODE_COMPATIBLE "memblock-v1" #define RESERVE_MEM_KHO_NODE_COMPATIBLE "reserve-mem-v1" -static struct page *kho_fdt; - -static int reserve_mem_kho_finalize(struct kho_serialization *ser) -{ - int err = 0, i; - - for (i = 0; i < reserved_mem_count; i++) { - struct reserve_mem_table *map = &reserved_mem_table[i]; - struct page *page = phys_to_page(map->start); - unsigned int nr_pages = map->size >> PAGE_SHIFT; - - err |= kho_preserve_pages(page, nr_pages); - } - - err |= kho_preserve_folio(page_folio(kho_fdt)); - err |= kho_add_subtree(ser, MEMBLOCK_KHO_FDT, page_to_virt(kho_fdt)); - - return notifier_from_errno(err); -} - -static int reserve_mem_kho_notifier(struct notifier_block *self, - unsigned long cmd, void *v) -{ - switch (cmd) { - case KEXEC_KHO_FINALIZE: - return reserve_mem_kho_finalize((struct kho_serialization *)v); - case KEXEC_KHO_ABORT: - return NOTIFY_DONE; - default: - return NOTIFY_BAD; - } -} - -static struct notifier_block reserve_mem_kho_nb = { - .notifier_call = reserve_mem_kho_notifier, -};
static int __init prepare_kho_fdt(void) { int err = 0, i; + struct page *fdt_page; void *fdt;
- kho_fdt = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL); - if (!kho_fdt) + fdt_page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL); + if (!fdt_page) return -ENOMEM;
- fdt = page_to_virt(kho_fdt); + fdt = page_to_virt(fdt_page);
err |= fdt_create(fdt, PAGE_SIZE); err |= fdt_finish_reservemap(fdt); @@ -2499,7 +2464,10 @@ static int __init prepare_kho_fdt(void) err |= fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", MEMBLOCK_KHO_NODE_COMPATIBLE); for (i = 0; i < reserved_mem_count; i++) { struct reserve_mem_table *map = &reserved_mem_table[i]; + struct page *page = phys_to_page(map->start); + unsigned int nr_pages = map->size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+ err |= kho_preserve_pages(page, nr_pages); err |= fdt_begin_node(fdt, map->name); err |= fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", RESERVE_MEM_KHO_NODE_COMPATIBLE); err |= fdt_property(fdt, "start", &map->start, sizeof(map->start)); @@ -2507,13 +2475,16 @@ static int __init prepare_kho_fdt(void) err |= fdt_end_node(fdt); } err |= fdt_end_node(fdt); - err |= fdt_finish(fdt);
+ err |= kho_preserve_folio(page_folio(fdt_page)); + + if (!err) + err = kho_add_subtree(MEMBLOCK_KHO_FDT, fdt); + if (err) { pr_err("failed to prepare memblock FDT for KHO: %d\n", err); - put_page(kho_fdt); - kho_fdt = NULL; + put_page(fdt_page); }
return err; @@ -2529,13 +2500,6 @@ static int __init reserve_mem_init(void) err = prepare_kho_fdt(); if (err) return err; - - err = register_kho_notifier(&reserve_mem_kho_nb); - if (err) { - put_page(kho_fdt); - kho_fdt = NULL; - } - return err; } late_initcall(reserve_mem_init);