[PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers (fd-local edition)

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David Finkel

22 Jul 2024 22 Jul '24

3:17 p.m.

My last patch[1] was met with a general desire for a safer scheme that avoided global resets, which expose unclear ownership.

Fortunately, Johannes[2] suggested a reasonably simple scheme to provide an FD-local reset, which eliminates most of those issues.

The one open question I have is whether the cgroup/memcg itself is kept alive by an open FD, or if we need to update the memcg freeing code to traverse the new list of "watchers" so they don't try to access freed memory.

Thank you,

David Finkel Senior Principal Software Engineer, Core Services Vimeo Inc.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/cgroups/20240715203625.1462309-1-davidf@vimeo.com/ [2]: https://lore.kernel.org/cgroups/20240717170408.GC1321673@cmpxchg.org/

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David Finkel

22 Jul 22 Jul

3:17 p.m.

New subject: [PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers

Other mechanisms for querying the peak memory usage of either a process or v1 memory cgroup allow for resetting the high watermark. Restore parity with those mechanisms, but with a less racy API.

For example: - Any write to memory.max_usage_in_bytes in a cgroup v1 mount resets the high watermark. - writing "5" to the clear_refs pseudo-file in a processes's proc directory resets the peak RSS.

This change is an evolution of a previous patch, which mostly copied the cgroup v1 behavior, however, there were concerns about races/ownership issues with a global reset, so instead this change makes the reset filedescriptor-local.

Writing a specific string to the memory.peak and memory.swap.peak pseudo-files reset the high watermark to the current usage for subsequent reads through that same fd.

Notably, following Johannes's suggestion, this implementation moves the O(fds that have written) behavior onto the fd write(2) path. Instead, on the page-allocation path, we simply add one additional watermark to conditionally bump per-hierarchy level in the page-counter.

This behavior is particularly useful for work scheduling systems that need to track memory usage of worker processes/cgroups per-work-item. Since memory can't be squeezed like CPU can (the OOM-killer has opinions), these systems need to track the peak memory usage to compute system/container fullness when binpacking workitems.

Most notably, Vimeo's use-case involves a system that's doing global binpacking across many Kubernetes pods/containers, and while we can use PSI for some local decisions about overload, we strive to avoid packing workloads too tightly in the first place. To facilitate this, we track the peak memory usage. However, since we run with long-lived workers (to amortize startup costs) we need a way to track the high watermark while a work-item is executing. Polling runs the risk of missing short spikes that last for timescales below the polling interval, and peak memory tracking at the cgroup level is otherwise perfect for this use-case.

As this data is used to ensure that binpacked work ends up with sufficient headroom, this use-case mostly avoids the inaccuracies surrounding reclaimable memory.

Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: David Finkel davidf@vimeo.com --- Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst | 26 +- include/linux/cgroup.h | 7 + include/linux/memcontrol.h | 5 + include/linux/page_counter.h | 6 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h | 2 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 7 + mm/memcontrol.c | 165 ++++++++++++- mm/page_counter.c | 4 + tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c | 22 ++ tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h | 2 + .../selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c | 227 +++++++++++++++++- 11 files changed, 448 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst index 8fbb0519d556..10a2f919128f 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst @@ -1322,11 +1322,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. reclaim induced by memory.reclaim.

memory.peak - A read-only single value file which exists on non-root - cgroups. + A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups. + + The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since + either the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.

- The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its - descendants since the creation of the cgroup. + A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the + current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same + file descriptor. + Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL + (modulo leading and trailing whitespace).

memory.oom.group A read-write single value file which exists on non-root @@ -1652,11 +1657,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. Healthy workloads are not expected to reach this limit.

memory.swap.peak - A read-only single value file which exists on non-root - cgroups. + A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups. + + The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since + the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.

- The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its - descendants since the creation of the cgroup. + A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the + current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same + file descriptor. + Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL + (modulo leading and trailing whitespace).

memory.swap.max A read-write single value file which exists on non-root diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h index 2150ca60394b..9bda441227ea 100644 --- a/include/linux/cgroup.h +++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h @@ -855,4 +855,11 @@ static inline void cgroup_bpf_put(struct cgroup *cgrp) {}

struct cgroup *task_get_cgroup1(struct task_struct *tsk, int hierarchy_id);

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx { + long local_watermark; + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *next, *prev; +}; + +struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of); + #endif /* _LINUX_CGROUP_H */ diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h index 030d34e9d117..6be7507c6fd3 100644 --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h @@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ struct mem_cgroup { struct page_counter kmem; /* v1 only */ struct page_counter tcpmem; /* v1 only */

+ /* lists of memcg peak watching contexts on swap and memory */ + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers; + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers; + spinlock_t pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock; + /* Range enforcement for interrupt charges */ struct work_struct high_work;

diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h index 8cd858d912c4..047ceaece258 100644 --- a/include/linux/page_counter.h +++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct page_counter { atomic_long_t children_low_usage;

unsigned long watermark; + unsigned long local_watermark; /* track min of fd-local resets */ unsigned long failcnt;

/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */ @@ -81,4 +82,9 @@ static inline void page_counter_reset_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) counter->watermark = page_counter_read(counter); }

+static inline void page_counter_reset_local_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) +{ + counter->local_watermark = page_counter_read(counter); +} + #endif /* _LINUX_PAGE_COUNTER_H */ diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h index 520b90dd97ec..5a97ba08e976 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h @@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ struct cgroup_file_ctx { struct { struct cgroup_pidlist *pidlist; } procs1; + + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx peak; };

/* diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c index e32b6972c478..38b935ffa6cf 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c @@ -1964,6 +1964,13 @@ static int cgroup2_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param return -EINVAL; }

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{ + struct cgroup_file_ctx *ctx = of->priv; + + return &ctx->peak; +} + static void apply_cgroup_root_flags(unsigned int root_flags) { if (current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns == &init_cgroup_ns) { diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c index 8f2f1bb18c9c..eb6614236371 100644 --- a/mm/memcontrol.c +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ * Copyright (C) 2020 Alibaba, Inc, Alex Shi */

+#include <linux/cgroup-defs.h> #include <linux/page_counter.h> #include <linux/memcontrol.h> #include <linux/cgroup.h> @@ -5745,6 +5746,7 @@ static struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_alloc(struct mem_cgroup *parent) vmpressure_init(&memcg->vmpressure); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&memcg->event_list); spin_lock_init(&memcg->event_list_lock); + spin_lock_init(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); memcg->socket_pressure = jiffies; #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM memcg->kmemcg_id = -1; @@ -6907,12 +6909,130 @@ static u64 memory_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->memory) * PAGE_SIZE; }

-static u64 memory_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, - struct cftype *cft) +static struct page_counter *memcg_memory_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) { + return &memcg->memory; +} + +static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{ + return &memcg->peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers; +} + +inline int swap_memory_peak_show( + struct seq_file *sf, void *v, + struct page_counter *(*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)) +{ + struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(sf); struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css); + struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg); + + struct kernfs_open_file *of = sf->private; + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of); + s64 fd_peak = ctx->local_watermark; + + if (fd_peak == -1) { + seq_printf(sf, "%llu\n", (u64)pc->watermark * PAGE_SIZE); + return 0; + } + + s64 pc_peak = pc->local_watermark; + s64 wm = fd_peak > pc_peak ? fd_peak : pc_peak; + + seq_printf(sf, "%lld\n", wm * PAGE_SIZE); + return 0; +} + +static int memory_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{ + return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_memory_extract_page_counter); +} + +static int swap_memory_peak_open(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{ + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of); + + ctx->local_watermark = -1; + return 0; +} + +inline void swap_memory_peak_release( + struct kernfs_open_file *of, + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)) +{ + struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of)); + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of); + + if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) { + /* fast path (no writes on this fd)*/ + return; + } + spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); + if (ctx->next) { + ctx->next->prev = ctx->prev; + } + if (ctx->prev) { + ctx->prev->next = ctx->next; + } else { + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg); + + *watchers = ctx->next; + } + spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); +}

- return (u64)memcg->memory.watermark * PAGE_SIZE; +static void memory_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{ + swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers); +} + +inline ssize_t swap_memory_peak_write( + struct kernfs_open_file *of, + char *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t off, + struct page_counter* (*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg), + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg)) +{ + buf = strstrip(buf); + /* Only allow "fd_local_reset" to keep the API clear */ + if (strcmp(buf, "fd_local_reset")) + return -EINVAL; + struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of)); + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of); + + spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); + + struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg); + + page_counter_reset_local_watermark(pc); + const unsigned long cur = pc->local_watermark; + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg); + struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peer_ctx; + + for (peer_ctx = *watchers; peer_ctx; peer_ctx = peer_ctx->next) { + if (cur > peer_ctx->local_watermark) + peer_ctx->local_watermark = cur; + } + if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) { + /* only append to the list if we're not already there */ + if (peer_ctx) { + ctx->prev = peer_ctx; + peer_ctx->next = ctx; + } else { + *watchers = ctx; + } + } + ctx->local_watermark = cur; + spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); + + return nbytes; +} + +static ssize_t memory_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf, + size_t nbytes, loff_t off) +{ + return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off, + memcg_memory_extract_page_counter, + memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers); }

static int memory_min_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) @@ -7231,7 +7351,10 @@ static struct cftype memory_files[] = { { .name = "peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT, - .read_u64 = memory_peak_read, + .open = swap_memory_peak_open, + .release = memory_peak_release, + .seq_show = memory_peak_show, + .write = memory_peak_write, }, { .name = "min", @@ -8193,14 +8316,35 @@ static u64 swap_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->swap) * PAGE_SIZE; }

-static u64 swap_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, - struct cftype *cft) + +static struct page_counter *memcg_swap_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{ + return &memcg->swap; +} + +static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) { - struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css); + return &memcg->peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers; +} + +static int swap_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{ + return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_swap_extract_page_counter); +}

- return (u64)memcg->swap.watermark * PAGE_SIZE; +static ssize_t swap_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf, + size_t nbytes, loff_t off) +{ + return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off, + memcg_swap_extract_page_counter, + memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers); +} +static void swap_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{ + swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers); }

+ static int swap_high_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { return seq_puts_memcg_tunable(m, @@ -8282,7 +8426,10 @@ static struct cftype swap_files[] = { { .name = "swap.peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT, - .read_u64 = swap_peak_read, + .open = swap_memory_peak_open, + .release = swap_peak_release, + .seq_show = swap_peak_show, + .write = swap_peak_write, }, { .name = "swap.events", diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c index db20d6452b71..40d5f4990218 100644 --- a/mm/page_counter.c +++ b/mm/page_counter.c @@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void page_counter_charge(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages) */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new); + if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark)) + WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new); } }

@@ -135,6 +137,8 @@ bool page_counter_try_charge(struct page_counter *counter, */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new); + if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark)) + WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new); } return true;

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c index 432db923bced..1e2d46636a0c 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c @@ -141,6 +141,16 @@ long cg_read_long(const char *cgroup, const char *control) return atol(buf); }

+long cg_read_long_fd(int fd) +{ + char buf[128]; + + if (pread(fd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0) <= 0) + return -1; + + return atol(buf); +} + long cg_read_key_long(const char *cgroup, const char *control, const char *key) { char buf[PAGE_SIZE]; @@ -183,6 +193,18 @@ int cg_write(const char *cgroup, const char *control, char *buf) return ret == len ? 0 : ret; }

+/* + * Returns fd on success, or -1 on failure. + * (fd should be closed with close() as usual) + */ +int cg_open(const char *cgroup, const char *control, int flags) +{ + char path[PATH_MAX]; + + snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", cgroup, control); + return open(path, flags); +} + int cg_write_numeric(const char *cgroup, const char *control, long value) { char buf[64]; diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h index e8d04ac9e3d2..19b131ee7707 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h @@ -34,9 +34,11 @@ extern int cg_read_strcmp(const char *cgroup, const char *control, extern int cg_read_strstr(const char *cgroup, const char *control, const char *needle); extern long cg_read_long(const char *cgroup, const char *control); +extern long cg_read_long_fd(int fd); long cg_read_key_long(const char *cgroup, const char *control, const char *key); extern long cg_read_lc(const char *cgroup, const char *control); extern int cg_write(const char *cgroup, const char *control, char *buf); +extern int cg_open(const char *cgroup, const char *control, int flags); int cg_write_numeric(const char *cgroup, const char *control, long value); extern int cg_run(const char *cgroup, int (*fn)(const char *cgroup, void *arg), diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c index 41ae8047b889..5641c1fd6dae 100644 --- a/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c @@ -161,12 +161,12 @@ static int alloc_pagecache_50M_check(const char *cgroup, void *arg) /* * This test create a memory cgroup, allocates * some anonymous memory and some pagecache - * and check memory.current and some memory.stat values. + * and checks memory.current, memory.peak, and some memory.stat values. */ -static int test_memcg_current(const char *root) +static int test_memcg_current_peak(const char *root) { int ret = KSFT_FAIL; - long current; + long current, peak, peak_reset; char *memcg;

memcg = cg_name(root, "memcg_test"); @@ -180,15 +180,109 @@ static int test_memcg_current(const char *root) if (current != 0) goto cleanup;

+ peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"); + if (peak != 0) + goto cleanup; + if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon_50M_check, NULL)) goto cleanup;

+ peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"); + if (peak < MB(50)) + goto cleanup; + + /* + * We'll open a few FDs for the same memory.peak file to exercise the free-path + * We need at least three to be closed in a different order than writes occurred to test + * the linked-list handling. + */ + int peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (peak_fd == -1) + goto cleanup; + + bool fd2_closed = false, fd3_closed = false, fd4_closed = false; + int peak_fd2 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (peak_fd2 == -1) + goto cleanup; + + int peak_fd3 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (peak_fd3 == -1) + goto cleanup; + + static const char reset_string[] = "fd_local_reset\n"; + + peak_reset = write(peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = write(peak_fd2, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = write(peak_fd3, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + /* Make sure a completely independent read isn't affected by our FD-local reset above*/ + peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"); + if (peak < MB(50)) + goto cleanup; + + fd2_closed = true; + if (close(peak_fd2)) + goto cleanup; + + int peak_fd4 = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (peak_fd4 == -1) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = write(peak_fd4, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd); + if (peak > MB(30) || peak < 0) + goto cleanup; + if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_pagecache_50M_check, NULL)) goto cleanup;

+ peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"); + if (peak < MB(50)) + goto cleanup; + + /* Make sure everything is back to normal */ + peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd); + if (peak < MB(50)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long_fd(peak_fd4); + if (peak < MB(50)) + goto cleanup; + + fd3_closed = true; + if (close(peak_fd3)) + goto cleanup; + + fd4_closed = true; + if (close(peak_fd4)) + goto cleanup; + + ret = KSFT_PASS;

cleanup: + close(peak_fd); + if (!fd2_closed) + close(peak_fd2); + if (!fd3_closed) + close(peak_fd3); + if (!fd4_closed) + close(peak_fd4); cg_destroy(memcg); free(memcg);

@@ -817,13 +911,16 @@ static int alloc_anon_50M_check_swap(const char *cgroup, void *arg)

/* * This test checks that memory.swap.max limits the amount of - * anonymous memory which can be swapped out. + * anonymous memory which can be swapped out. Additionally, it verifies that + * memory.swap.peak reflects the high watermark and can be reset. */ -static int test_memcg_swap_max(const char *root) +static int test_memcg_swap_max_peak(const char *root) { int ret = KSFT_FAIL; char *memcg; - long max; + long max, peak; + + static const char reset_string[] = "fd_local_reset\n";

if (!is_swap_enabled()) return KSFT_SKIP; @@ -840,6 +937,45 @@ static int test_memcg_swap_max(const char *root) goto cleanup; }

+ int swap_peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.swap.peak", + O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (swap_peak_fd == -1) + goto cleanup; + + int mem_peak_fd = cg_open(memcg, "memory.peak", O_RDWR | O_APPEND | O_CLOEXEC); + + if (mem_peak_fd == -1) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak")) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd)) + goto cleanup; + + /* switch the swap and mem fds into local-peak tracking mode*/ + int peak_reset = write(swap_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd)) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak")) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd)) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = write(mem_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd)) + goto cleanup; + if (cg_read_strcmp(memcg, "memory.max", "max\n")) goto cleanup;

@@ -862,6 +998,61 @@ static int test_memcg_swap_max(const char *root) if (cg_read_key_long(memcg, "memory.events", "oom_kill ") != 1) goto cleanup;

+ peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak"); + if (peak < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak"); + if (peak < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd); + if (peak < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd); + if (peak < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + + /* + * open, reset and close the peak swap on another FD to make sure + * multiple extant fds don't corrupt the linked-list + */ + peak_reset = cg_write(memcg, "memory.swap.peak", (char *)reset_string); + if (peak_reset) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = cg_write(memcg, "memory.peak", (char *)reset_string); + if (peak_reset) + goto cleanup; + + /* actually reset on the fds */ + peak_reset = write(swap_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + peak_reset = write(mem_peak_fd, reset_string, sizeof(reset_string)); + if (peak_reset != sizeof(reset_string)) + goto cleanup; + + peak = cg_read_long_fd(swap_peak_fd); + if (peak > MB(10)) + goto cleanup; + + /* + * The cgroup is now empty, but there may be a page or two associated + * with the open FD accounted to it. + */ + peak = cg_read_long_fd(mem_peak_fd); + if (peak > MB(1)) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.peak") < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + + if (cg_read_long(memcg, "memory.swap.peak") < MB(29)) + goto cleanup; + if (cg_run(memcg, alloc_anon_50M_check_swap, (void *)MB(30))) goto cleanup;

@@ -869,9 +1060,29 @@ static int test_memcg_swap_max(const char *root) if (max <= 0) goto cleanup;

cleanup: + if (close(mem_peak_fd)) + ret = KSFT_FAIL; + if (close(swap_peak_fd)) + ret = KSFT_FAIL; cg_destroy(memcg); free(memcg);

@@ -1295,7 +1506,7 @@ struct memcg_test { const char *name; } tests[] = { T(test_memcg_subtree_control), - T(test_memcg_current), + T(test_memcg_current_peak), T(test_memcg_min), T(test_memcg_low), T(test_memcg_high), @@ -1303,7 +1514,7 @@ struct memcg_test { T(test_memcg_max), T(test_memcg_reclaim), T(test_memcg_oom_events), - T(test_memcg_swap_max), + T(test_memcg_swap_max_peak), T(test_memcg_sock), T(test_memcg_oom_group_leaf_events), T(test_memcg_oom_group_parent_events),

-- 2.40.1

Roman Gushchin

6:22 p.m.

New subject: [PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers

On Mon, Jul 22, 2024 at 11:17:13AM -0400, David Finkel wrote:

...

Other mechanisms for querying the peak memory usage of either a process or v1 memory cgroup allow for resetting the high watermark. Restore parity with those mechanisms, but with a less racy API.

For example:

Any write to memory.max_usage_in_bytes in a cgroup v1 mount resets the high watermark.

writing "5" to the clear_refs pseudo-file in a processes's proc directory resets the peak RSS.

This change is an evolution of a previous patch, which mostly copied the cgroup v1 behavior, however, there were concerns about races/ownership issues with a global reset, so instead this change makes the reset filedescriptor-local.

Writing a specific string to the memory.peak and memory.swap.peak pseudo-files reset the high watermark to the current usage for subsequent reads through that same fd.

Notably, following Johannes's suggestion, this implementation moves the O(fds that have written) behavior onto the fd write(2) path. Instead, on the page-allocation path, we simply add one additional watermark to conditionally bump per-hierarchy level in the page-counter.

This behavior is particularly useful for work scheduling systems that need to track memory usage of worker processes/cgroups per-work-item. Since memory can't be squeezed like CPU can (the OOM-killer has opinions), these systems need to track the peak memory usage to compute system/container fullness when binpacking workitems.

Most notably, Vimeo's use-case involves a system that's doing global binpacking across many Kubernetes pods/containers, and while we can use PSI for some local decisions about overload, we strive to avoid packing workloads too tightly in the first place. To facilitate this, we track the peak memory usage. However, since we run with long-lived workers (to amortize startup costs) we need a way to track the high watermark while a work-item is executing. Polling runs the risk of missing short spikes that last for timescales below the polling interval, and peak memory tracking at the cgroup level is otherwise perfect for this use-case.

As this data is used to ensure that binpacked work ends up with sufficient headroom, this use-case mostly avoids the inaccuracies surrounding reclaimable memory.

Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: David Finkel davidf@vimeo.com

Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst | 26 +- include/linux/cgroup.h | 7 + include/linux/memcontrol.h | 5 + include/linux/page_counter.h | 6 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h | 2 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 7 + mm/memcontrol.c | 165 ++++++++++++- mm/page_counter.c | 4 + tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c | 22 ++ tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h | 2 + .../selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c | 227 +++++++++++++++++- 11 files changed, 448 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst index 8fbb0519d556..10a2f919128f 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst @@ -1322,11 +1322,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. reclaim induced by memory.reclaim. memory.peak

A read-only single value file which exists on non-root

cgroups.

A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups.

The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since

either the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.

The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its

descendants since the creation of the cgroup.

A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the

current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same

Hi David!

Not a very strong preference, but with the current design, do we really expect to have a non-local reset? If not, can we agree on a "reset" string instead for a sake of simplicity?

...

file descriptor.

Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL

(modulo leading and trailing whitespace).

memory.oom.group A read-write single value file which exists on non-root @@ -1652,11 +1657,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. Healthy workloads are not expected to reach this limit. memory.swap.peak

A read-only single value file which exists on non-root

cgroups.

A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups.

The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since

the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.

The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its

descendants since the creation of the cgroup.

A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the

current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same

file descriptor.

Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL

(modulo leading and trailing whitespace).

memory.swap.max A read-write single value file which exists on non-root diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h index 2150ca60394b..9bda441227ea 100644 --- a/include/linux/cgroup.h +++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h @@ -855,4 +855,11 @@ static inline void cgroup_bpf_put(struct cgroup *cgrp) {} struct cgroup *task_get_cgroup1(struct task_struct *tsk, int hierarchy_id); +struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx {

long local_watermark;

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *next, *prev;

Please, take a look at include/linux/list.h and use it instead of re-implementing list operations from scratch.

...

+};

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of);

#endif /* _LINUX_CGROUP_H */ diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h index 030d34e9d117..6be7507c6fd3 100644 --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h @@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ struct mem_cgroup { struct page_counter kmem; /* v1 only */ struct page_counter tcpmem; /* v1 only */

/* lists of memcg peak watching contexts on swap and memory */

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers;

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers;

spinlock_t pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock;

/* Range enforcement for interrupt charges */ struct work_struct high_work;

diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h index 8cd858d912c4..047ceaece258 100644 --- a/include/linux/page_counter.h +++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct page_counter { atomic_long_t children_low_usage; unsigned long watermark;

unsigned long local_watermark; /* track min of fd-local resets */ unsigned long failcnt;

/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */ @@ -81,4 +82,9 @@ static inline void page_counter_reset_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) counter->watermark = page_counter_read(counter); } +static inline void page_counter_reset_local_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) +{

counter->local_watermark = page_counter_read(counter);

+}

#endif /* _LINUX_PAGE_COUNTER_H */ diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h index 520b90dd97ec..5a97ba08e976 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h @@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ struct cgroup_file_ctx { struct { struct cgroup_pidlist *pidlist; } procs1;

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx peak;

}; /* diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c index e32b6972c478..38b935ffa6cf 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c @@ -1964,6 +1964,13 @@ static int cgroup2_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param return -EINVAL; } +struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

struct cgroup_file_ctx *ctx = of->priv;

return &ctx->peak;

+}

static void apply_cgroup_root_flags(unsigned int root_flags) { if (current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns == &init_cgroup_ns) { diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c index 8f2f1bb18c9c..eb6614236371 100644 --- a/mm/memcontrol.c +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@

Copyright (C) 2020 Alibaba, Inc, Alex Shi

*/ +#include <linux/cgroup-defs.h> #include <linux/page_counter.h> #include <linux/memcontrol.h> #include <linux/cgroup.h> @@ -5745,6 +5746,7 @@ static struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_alloc(struct mem_cgroup *parent) vmpressure_init(&memcg->vmpressure); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&memcg->event_list); spin_lock_init(&memcg->event_list_lock);

spin_lock_init(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock); memcg->socket_pressure = jiffies;

#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM memcg->kmemcg_id = -1; @@ -6907,12 +6909,130 @@ static u64 memory_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->memory) * PAGE_SIZE; } -static u64 memory_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
	    struct cftype *cft)
+static struct page_counter *memcg_memory_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) {

return &memcg->memory;

+}

+static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{

return &memcg->peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers;

+}

+inline int swap_memory_peak_show(

struct seq_file *sf, void *v,

struct page_counter *(*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))

+{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(sf); struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css);

struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg);

struct kernfs_open_file *of = sf->private;

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

s64 fd_peak = ctx->local_watermark;

if (fd_peak == -1) {
seq_printf(sf, "%llu\n", (u64)pc->watermark * PAGE_SIZE);
return 0;
}

s64 pc_peak = pc->local_watermark;

s64 wm = fd_peak > pc_peak ? fd_peak : pc_peak;

seq_printf(sf, "%lld\n", wm * PAGE_SIZE);

return 0;
+}

+static int memory_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{

return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_memory_extract_page_counter);

I think it's really too complex. Why not pass a single boolean argument which will define to use memory page_counter or swap page_counter? It will eliminate a need to pass pointers to functions and also eliminate a need for introducing these helper functions in general.

...

+}

+static int swap_memory_peak_open(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

ctx->local_watermark = -1;

return 0;

+}

+inline void swap_memory_peak_release(

struct kernfs_open_file *of,

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))

+{
struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of));

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) {
/* fast path (no writes on this fd)*/
return;
}

spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);

if (ctx->next) {
ctx->next->prev = ctx->prev;
}

if (ctx->prev) {
ctx->prev->next = ctx->next;
} else {
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg);
*watchers = ctx->next;
}

spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);
+}

return (u64)memcg->memory.watermark * PAGE_SIZE;

+static void memory_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers);

+}

+inline ssize_t swap_memory_peak_write(

struct kernfs_open_file *of,

char *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t off,

struct page_counter* (*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg),

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))

+{
buf = strstrip(buf);

/* Only allow "fd_local_reset" to keep the API clear */

if (strcmp(buf, "fd_local_reset"))
return -EINVAL;
struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of));

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

Please, don't mix variable definitions and code. Also, please, use scripts/checkpatch.pl for checking the code before submission. I guess it will raise several issues in this patch.

...

spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);

struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg);

page_counter_reset_local_watermark(pc);

const unsigned long cur = pc->local_watermark;

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg);

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peer_ctx;

for (peer_ctx = *watchers; peer_ctx; peer_ctx = peer_ctx->next) {
if (cur > peer_ctx->local_watermark)
	peer_ctx->local_watermark = cur;
}

if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) {
/* only append to the list if we're not already there */
if (peer_ctx) {
	ctx->prev = peer_ctx;
	peer_ctx->next = ctx;
} else {
	*watchers = ctx;
}
}

ctx->local_watermark = cur;

spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);

return nbytes;
+}

+static ssize_t memory_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
		 size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
+{
return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off,
		      memcg_memory_extract_page_counter,
		      memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers);
} static int memory_min_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) @@ -7231,7 +7351,10 @@ static struct cftype memory_files[] = { { .name = "peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
.read_u64 = memory_peak_read,
.open = swap_memory_peak_open,
.release = memory_peak_release,
.seq_show = memory_peak_show,
.write = memory_peak_write,
}, { .name = "min",
@@ -8193,14 +8316,35 @@ static u64 swap_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->swap) * PAGE_SIZE; } -static u64 swap_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
	  struct cftype *cft)
+static struct page_counter *memcg_swap_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{

return &memcg->swap;

+}

+static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) {

struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css);

return &memcg->peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers;

+}

+static int swap_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{

return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_swap_extract_page_counter);

+}

return (u64)memcg->swap.watermark * PAGE_SIZE;

+static ssize_t swap_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
	       size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
+{
return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off,
		      memcg_swap_extract_page_counter,
		      memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers);
+} +static void swap_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers);

}

static int swap_high_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { return seq_puts_memcg_tunable(m, @@ -8282,7 +8426,10 @@ static struct cftype swap_files[] = { { .name = "swap.peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
.read_u64 = swap_peak_read,
.open = swap_memory_peak_open,
.release = swap_peak_release,
.seq_show = swap_peak_show,
.write = swap_peak_write,
}, { .name = "swap.events",
diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c index db20d6452b71..40d5f4990218 100644 --- a/mm/page_counter.c +++ b/mm/page_counter.c @@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void page_counter_charge(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages) */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new);
if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark))
	WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new);

Hm, can't we have a single comparison on the hot path? Also, we read and write c->local_watermark speculatively here, Idk if it's still acceptable with an ability to reset watermarks "locally". Maybe it is, but it definitely deserves at least a comment with an explanation.

And btw thank you for including tests into the commit, it's really great to see. I'd suggest you to extract them into a separate commit and post it as a series.

Thank you!

David Finkel

7:30 p.m.

New subject: [PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers

Roman,

Thanks for the review.

On Mon, Jul 22, 2024 at 2:22 PM Roman Gushchin roman.gushchin@linux.dev wrote:

...

On Mon, Jul 22, 2024 at 11:17:13AM -0400, David Finkel wrote:

...
Other mechanisms for querying the peak memory usage of either a process or v1 memory cgroup allow for resetting the high watermark. Restore parity with those mechanisms, but with a less racy API.

For example:

Any write to memory.max_usage_in_bytes in a cgroup v1 mount resets the high watermark.

writing "5" to the clear_refs pseudo-file in a processes's proc directory resets the peak RSS.

This change is an evolution of a previous patch, which mostly copied the cgroup v1 behavior, however, there were concerns about races/ownership issues with a global reset, so instead this change makes the reset filedescriptor-local.

Writing a specific string to the memory.peak and memory.swap.peak pseudo-files reset the high watermark to the current usage for subsequent reads through that same fd.

Notably, following Johannes's suggestion, this implementation moves the O(fds that have written) behavior onto the fd write(2) path. Instead, on the page-allocation path, we simply add one additional watermark to conditionally bump per-hierarchy level in the page-counter.

This behavior is particularly useful for work scheduling systems that need to track memory usage of worker processes/cgroups per-work-item. Since memory can't be squeezed like CPU can (the OOM-killer has opinions), these systems need to track the peak memory usage to compute system/container fullness when binpacking workitems.

Most notably, Vimeo's use-case involves a system that's doing global binpacking across many Kubernetes pods/containers, and while we can use PSI for some local decisions about overload, we strive to avoid packing workloads too tightly in the first place. To facilitate this, we track the peak memory usage. However, since we run with long-lived workers (to amortize startup costs) we need a way to track the high watermark while a work-item is executing. Polling runs the risk of missing short spikes that last for timescales below the polling interval, and peak memory tracking at the cgroup level is otherwise perfect for this use-case.

As this data is used to ensure that binpacked work ends up with sufficient headroom, this use-case mostly avoids the inaccuracies surrounding reclaimable memory.

Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner hannes@cmpxchg.org Signed-off-by: David Finkel davidf@vimeo.com

Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst | 26 +- include/linux/cgroup.h | 7 + include/linux/memcontrol.h | 5 + include/linux/page_counter.h | 6 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h | 2 + kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c | 7 + mm/memcontrol.c | 165 ++++++++++++- mm/page_counter.c | 4 + tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.c | 22 ++ tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/cgroup_util.h | 2 + .../selftests/cgroup/test_memcontrol.c | 227 +++++++++++++++++- 11 files changed, 448 insertions(+), 25 deletions(-)

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst index 8fbb0519d556..10a2f919128f 100644 --- a/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v2.rst @@ -1322,11 +1322,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. reclaim induced by memory.reclaim.

memory.peak
A read-only single value file which exists on non-root
cgroups.
A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups.
The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since
either the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.
The max memory usage recorded for the cgroup and its
descendants since the creation of the cgroup.
A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the
current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same
Hi David!

Not a very strong preference, but with the current design, do we really expect to have a non-local reset? If not, can we agree on a "reset" string instead for a sake of simplicity?

I put in "fd_local_reset" as a bit of a straw-man. I'm fine with changing it to "reset" since the consensus seemed to be that a global reset was problematic.

...

...
file descriptor.
Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL
(modulo leading and trailing whitespace).
memory.oom.group A read-write single value file which exists on non-root
@@ -1652,11 +1657,16 @@ PAGE_SIZE multiple when read back. Healthy workloads are not expected to reach this limit.

memory.swap.peak
A read-only single value file which exists on non-root
cgroups.
A read-write single value file which exists on non-root cgroups.
The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its descendants since
the creation of the cgroup or the most recent reset for that fd.
The max swap usage recorded for the cgroup and its
descendants since the creation of the cgroup.
A write of the string "fd_local_reset" to this file resets it to the
current memory usage for subsequent reads through the same
file descriptor.
Attempts to write any other string will return EINVAL
(modulo leading and trailing whitespace).
memory.swap.max A read-write single value file which exists on non-root
diff --git a/include/linux/cgroup.h b/include/linux/cgroup.h index 2150ca60394b..9bda441227ea 100644 --- a/include/linux/cgroup.h +++ b/include/linux/cgroup.h @@ -855,4 +855,11 @@ static inline void cgroup_bpf_put(struct cgroup *cgrp) {}

struct cgroup *task_get_cgroup1(struct task_struct *tsk, int hierarchy_id);

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx {
long                            local_watermark;
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx       *next, *prev;
Please, take a look at include/linux/list.h and use it instead of re-implementing list operations from scratch.

I clearly didn't look hard enough for that. Thanks! I'll port this to use those helpers/macros.

...

...
+};

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of);

#endif /* _LINUX_CGROUP_H */ diff --git a/include/linux/memcontrol.h b/include/linux/memcontrol.h index 030d34e9d117..6be7507c6fd3 100644 --- a/include/linux/memcontrol.h +++ b/include/linux/memcontrol.h @@ -198,6 +198,11 @@ struct mem_cgroup { struct page_counter kmem; /* v1 only */ struct page_counter tcpmem; /* v1 only */
/* lists of memcg peak watching contexts on swap and memory */
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers;
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers;
spinlock_t pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock;
/* Range enforcement for interrupt charges */
struct work_struct high_work;
diff --git a/include/linux/page_counter.h b/include/linux/page_counter.h index 8cd858d912c4..047ceaece258 100644 --- a/include/linux/page_counter.h +++ b/include/linux/page_counter.h @@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ struct page_counter { atomic_long_t children_low_usage;
  unsigned long watermark;
unsigned long local_watermark; /* track min of fd-local resets */
unsigned long failcnt;

/* Keep all the read most fields in a separete cacheline. */
@@ -81,4 +82,9 @@ static inline void page_counter_reset_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) counter->watermark = page_counter_read(counter); }

+static inline void page_counter_reset_local_watermark(struct page_counter *counter) +{
counter->local_watermark = page_counter_read(counter);
+}

#endif /* _LINUX_PAGE_COUNTER_H */ diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h index 520b90dd97ec..5a97ba08e976 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup-internal.h @@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ struct cgroup_file_ctx { struct { struct cgroup_pidlist *pidlist; } procs1;
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx peak;
};

/* diff --git a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c index e32b6972c478..38b935ffa6cf 100644 --- a/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c +++ b/kernel/cgroup/cgroup.c @@ -1964,6 +1964,13 @@ static int cgroup2_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param return -EINVAL; }

+struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{
struct cgroup_file_ctx *ctx = of->priv;
return &ctx->peak;
+}

static void apply_cgroup_root_flags(unsigned int root_flags) { if (current->nsproxy->cgroup_ns == &init_cgroup_ns) { diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c index 8f2f1bb18c9c..eb6614236371 100644 --- a/mm/memcontrol.c +++ b/mm/memcontrol.c @@ -25,6 +25,7 @@

Copyright (C) 2020 Alibaba, Inc, Alex Shi

*/

+#include <linux/cgroup-defs.h> #include <linux/page_counter.h> #include <linux/memcontrol.h> #include <linux/cgroup.h> @@ -5745,6 +5746,7 @@ static struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_alloc(struct mem_cgroup *parent) vmpressure_init(&memcg->vmpressure); INIT_LIST_HEAD(&memcg->event_list); spin_lock_init(&memcg->event_list_lock);
spin_lock_init(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);
memcg->socket_pressure = jiffies;
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM memcg->kmemcg_id = -1; @@ -6907,12 +6909,130 @@ static u64 memory_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->memory) * PAGE_SIZE; }

-static u64 memory_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
                    struct cftype *cft)
+static struct page_counter *memcg_memory_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) {
return &memcg->memory;
+}

+static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{
return &memcg->peak_memory_local_watermark_watchers;
+}

+inline int swap_memory_peak_show(
struct seq_file *sf, void *v,
struct page_counter *(*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))
+{
struct cgroup_subsys_state *css = seq_css(sf);
struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css);
struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg);
struct kernfs_open_file *of = sf->private;
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);
s64 fd_peak = ctx->local_watermark;
if (fd_peak == -1) {
        seq_printf(sf, "%llu\n", (u64)pc->watermark * PAGE_SIZE);
        return 0;
}
s64 pc_peak = pc->local_watermark;
s64 wm = fd_peak > pc_peak ? fd_peak : pc_peak;
seq_printf(sf, "%lld\n", wm * PAGE_SIZE);
return 0;
+}

+static int memory_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{
return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_memory_extract_page_counter);
I think it's really too complex. Why not pass a single boolean argument which will define to use memory page_counter or swap page_counter? It will eliminate a need to pass pointers to functions and also eliminate a need for introducing these helper functions in general.

Yeah, that's definitely a cleaner option with only two alternatives. I'll make that change.

...

+static int swap_memory_peak_open(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

```
ctx->local_watermark = -1;
```
```
return 0;
```

+inline void swap_memory_peak_release(

```
struct kernfs_open_file *of,
```

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))

struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of));

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

```
if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) {
```

        /* fast path (no writes on this fd)*/

```
        return;
```
```
}
```

spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);

```
if (ctx->next) {
```
```
        ctx->next->prev = ctx->prev;
```
```
}
```
```
if (ctx->prev) {
```
```
        ctx->prev->next = ctx->next;
```
```
} else {
```

        struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg);

```
        *watchers = ctx->next;
```
```
}
```

spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);

return (u64)memcg->memory.watermark * PAGE_SIZE;

+static void memory_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{

swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers);

+inline ssize_t swap_memory_peak_write(

```
struct kernfs_open_file *of,
```
```
char *buf, size_t nbytes, loff_t off,
```

struct page_counter* (*extract_pc)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg),

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **(*extract_watchers)(struct mem_cgroup *memcg))

```
buf = strstrip(buf);
```

/* Only allow "fd_local_reset" to keep the API clear */

```
if (strcmp(buf, "fd_local_reset"))
```
```
        return -EINVAL;
```

struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(of_css(of));

struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *ctx = memcg_extract_peak_mem_ctx(of);

Please, don't mix variable definitions and code. Also, please, use

Ok, I'll factor that out

...

scripts/checkpatch.pl for checking the code before submission. I guess it will raise several issues in this patch.

Thanks, I did run checkpatch.pl on this patch, but I might have made a few changes since my last pass. (it didn't complain about mixing cod and definitions)

I'll make another pass before mailing the next version.

...

...
spin_lock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);
struct page_counter *pc = extract_pc(memcg);
page_counter_reset_local_watermark(pc);
const unsigned long cur = pc->local_watermark;
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **watchers = extract_watchers(memcg);
struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx *peer_ctx;
for (peer_ctx = *watchers; peer_ctx; peer_ctx = peer_ctx->next) {
        if (cur > peer_ctx->local_watermark)
                peer_ctx->local_watermark = cur;
}
if (ctx->local_watermark == -1) {
        /* only append to the list if we're not already there */
        if (peer_ctx) {
                ctx->prev = peer_ctx;
                peer_ctx->next = ctx;
        } else {
                *watchers = ctx;
        }
}
ctx->local_watermark = cur;
spin_unlock(&memcg->pagecounter_peak_watchers_lock);
return nbytes;
+}

+static ssize_t memory_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
                         size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
+{
return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off,
                              memcg_memory_extract_page_counter,
                              memcg_memory_extract_peak_watchers);
}

static int memory_min_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) @@ -7231,7 +7351,10 @@ static struct cftype memory_files[] = { { .name = "peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
        .read_u64 = memory_peak_read,
        .open = swap_memory_peak_open,
        .release = memory_peak_release,
        .seq_show = memory_peak_show,
        .write = memory_peak_write,
},
{
        .name = "min",
@@ -8193,14 +8316,35 @@ static u64 swap_current_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css, return (u64)page_counter_read(&memcg->swap) * PAGE_SIZE; }

-static u64 swap_peak_read(struct cgroup_subsys_state *css,
                  struct cftype *cft)
+static struct page_counter *memcg_swap_extract_page_counter(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) +{
return &memcg->swap;
+}

+static struct memcg_peak_mem_ctx **memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers(struct mem_cgroup *memcg) {
struct mem_cgroup *memcg = mem_cgroup_from_css(css);
return &memcg->peak_swap_local_watermark_watchers;
+}

+static int swap_peak_show(struct seq_file *sf, void *v) +{
return swap_memory_peak_show(sf, v, memcg_swap_extract_page_counter);
+}
return (u64)memcg->swap.watermark * PAGE_SIZE;
+static ssize_t swap_peak_write(struct kernfs_open_file *of, char *buf,
                       size_t nbytes, loff_t off)
+{
return swap_memory_peak_write(of, buf, nbytes, off,
                              memcg_swap_extract_page_counter,
                              memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers);
+} +static void swap_peak_release(struct kernfs_open_file *of) +{
swap_memory_peak_release(of, memcg_swap_extract_peak_watchers);
}

static int swap_high_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v) { return seq_puts_memcg_tunable(m, @@ -8282,7 +8426,10 @@ static struct cftype swap_files[] = { { .name = "swap.peak", .flags = CFTYPE_NOT_ON_ROOT,
        .read_u64 = swap_peak_read,
        .open = swap_memory_peak_open,
        .release = swap_peak_release,
        .seq_show = swap_peak_show,
        .write = swap_peak_write,
},
{
        .name = "swap.events",
diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c index db20d6452b71..40d5f4990218 100644 --- a/mm/page_counter.c +++ b/mm/page_counter.c @@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void page_counter_charge(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages) */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new);
        if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark))
                WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new);
Hm, can't we have a single comparison on the hot path? Also, we read and write c->local_watermark speculatively here, Idk if it's still acceptable with an ability to reset watermarks "locally". Maybe it is, but it definitely deserves at least a comment with an explanation.

Unfortunately, since the two watermarks may be reset at different times I don't think we can consolidate. e.g. I think that if the usage peaked, dropped down a bit and then was going back up again when the "local_watermark" was reset, we'll continue only bumping local_watermark, but we don't want to touch "watermark" until we hit that watermark again.

...

And btw thank you for including tests into the commit, it's really great to see. I'd suggest you to extract them into a separate commit and post it as a series.

Sure thing! I'll split them off into their own commit. (the tests are about half the line-delta)

...

Thank you!

Thanks for the prompt review! I'll try to get another revision out later today.

-- David Finkel Senior Principal Software Engineer, Core Services

Waiman Long

7:47 p.m.

New subject: [PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers

On 7/22/24 15:30, David Finkel wrote:

...

...
...
diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c index db20d6452b71..40d5f4990218 100644 --- a/mm/page_counter.c +++ b/mm/page_counter.c @@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void page_counter_charge(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages) */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new);
        if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark))
                WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new);
Hm, can't we have a single comparison on the hot path? Also, we read and write c->local_watermark speculatively here, Idk if it's still acceptable with an ability to reset watermarks "locally". Maybe it is, but it definitely deserves at least a comment with an explanation.
Unfortunately, since the two watermarks may be reset at different times I don't think we can consolidate. e.g. I think that if the usage peaked, dropped down a bit and then was going back up again when the "local_watermark" was reset, we'll continue only bumping local_watermark, but we don't want to touch "watermark" until we hit that watermark again.

If we make page_counter_reset_watermark() reset the local_watermark as well, we can guarantee "local_watermark <= watermark" and wrap one check inside the other.

if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark)) { WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new); if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new); }

Cheers, Longman

David Finkel

11:06 p.m.

New subject: [PATCH] mm, memcg: cg2 memory{.swap,}.peak write handlers

On Mon, Jul 22, 2024 at 3:47 PM Waiman Long longman@redhat.com wrote:

...

On 7/22/24 15:30, David Finkel wrote:

...
...
...
diff --git a/mm/page_counter.c b/mm/page_counter.c index db20d6452b71..40d5f4990218 100644 --- a/mm/page_counter.c +++ b/mm/page_counter.c @@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void page_counter_charge(struct page_counter *counter, unsigned long nr_pages) */ if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark)) WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new);
        if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark))
                WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new);
Hm, can't we have a single comparison on the hot path? Also, we read and write c->local_watermark speculatively here, Idk if it's still acceptable with an ability to reset watermarks "locally". Maybe it is, but it definitely deserves at least a comment with an explanation.
Unfortunately, since the two watermarks may be reset at different times I don't think we can consolidate. e.g. I think that if the usage peaked, dropped down a bit and then was going back up again when the "local_watermark" was reset, we'll continue only bumping local_watermark, but we don't want to touch "watermark" until we hit that watermark again.
If we make page_counter_reset_watermark() reset the local_watermark as well, we can guarantee "local_watermark <= watermark" and wrap one check inside the other.
     if (new > READ_ONCE(c->local_watermark)) {
             WRITE_ONCE(c->local_watermark, new);
             if (new > READ_ONCE(c->watermark))
                     WRITE_ONCE(c->watermark, new);
     }
Cheers, Longman

Hmm, yeah, given that we'll only be resetting one of the two, I think I'll use this option. The branch predictor should make that second check pretty much a noop in the common-case when we enter the outer if, too.

Thanks!

-- David Finkel Senior Principal Software Engineer, Core Services

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David Finkel
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