Flashbench-results February 2012

flashbench-results@lists.linaro.org

3 participants
6 discussions

SanDisk Mobile Ultra 4GB Class 6 microSD part number: SDSDQY-004G-A11A

by Andrew Bradford

9 open erase blocks! Looks like a rather nice microSD card, compared to others I've seen. # BeagleBoard-xM is my only home computer with a built-in MMC device: root@192:~/flashbench# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 035344535530344780a0a0dbc100bbc9 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001d8a7f800a4040b9 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 11/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x8 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000003 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SU04G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x5344 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800300000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0xa0a0dbc1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SU04G MODALIAS=mmc:block # All further tests done using Transcend USB2.0 reader on my desktop andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1890 cylinders, 128 heads, 32 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 8192 7741439 7733248 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 1073741824 pre 872µs on 921µs post 873µs diff 48.5µs align 536870912 pre 872µs on 973µs post 871µs diff 102µs align 268435456 pre 872µs on 935µs post 872µs diff 63.5µs align 134217728 pre 1ms on 1.04ms post 1ms diff 40.1µs align 67108864 pre 966µs on 1.07ms post 976µs diff 97.7µs align 33554432 pre 1ms on 1.07ms post 1.01ms diff 63.6µs align 16777216 pre 999µs on 1.09ms post 1.01ms diff 86.7µs align 8388608 pre 999µs on 1.03ms post 1ms diff 32.3µs align 4194304 pre 1.03ms on 1.12ms post 1.03ms diff 95.6µs align 2097152 pre 999µs on 1.1ms post 1.03ms diff 88.8µs align 1048576 pre 1.01ms on 1.04ms post 1.01ms diff 34.9µs align 524288 pre 1.01ms on 1.03ms post 1.02ms diff 18.4µs align 262144 pre 1.01ms on 1.02ms post 986µs diff 28.5µs align 131072 pre 1ms on 1.03ms post 1.01ms diff 26.9µs align 65536 pre 1ms on 1.03ms post 1.01ms diff 27.1µs align 32768 pre 985µs on 1.03ms post 1ms diff 32.2µs align 16384 pre 986µs on 982µs post 966µs diff 5.55µs align 8192 pre 1.01ms on 1ms post 1.01ms diff -9139ns align 4096 pre 981µs on 1.03ms post 1.04ms diff 25.9µs align 2048 pre 974µs on 977µs post 973µs diff 3.65µs ## 2MiB erase block ## 8KiB pages? hard to see andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 13.2M/s 1MiB 13.1M/s 512KiB 12.9M/s 256KiB 12.9M/s 128KiB 12.8M/s 64KiB 12.2M/s 32KiB 12.9M/s 16KiB 13M/s 8KiB 9.61M/s 4KiB 6.5M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 13M/s 1MiB 7.34M/s 512KiB 12M/s 256KiB 12.2M/s 128KiB 11.4M/s 64KiB 10.3M/s 32KiB 8.52M/s 16KiB 6.35M/s 8KiB 3.46M/s 4KiB 1.6M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=3 2MiB 13M/s 1MiB 8.41M/s 512KiB 12.5M/s 256KiB 12.1M/s 128KiB 11.6M/s 64KiB 10.3M/s 32KiB 8.6M/s 16KiB 6.39M/s 8KiB 3.46M/s 4KiB 1.62M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=9 2MiB 12.8M/s 1MiB 11M/s 512KiB 12.4M/s 256KiB 12.2M/s 128KiB 11.5M/s 64KiB 10.3M/s 32KiB 8.57M/s 16KiB 6.33M/s 8KiB 3.37M/s 4KiB 1.6M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=10 2MiB 13M/s 1MiB 6.88M/s 512KiB 2.41M/s 256KiB 1.1M/s 128KiB 531K/s 64KiB 263K/s 32KiB 130K/s 16KiB 64.8K/s 8KiB 302K/s 4KiB 346K/s # 9 open-au has same performance as 2 open-au. andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 10.7M/s 1MiB 12.7M/s 512KiB 11.7M/s 256KiB 3.55M/s 128KiB 1.18M/s 64KiB 652K/s 32KiB 310K/s 16KiB 180K/s 8KiB 872K/s 4KiB 1.08M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 12.4M/s 1MiB 12.6M/s 512KiB 12.2M/s 256KiB 3.56M/s 128KiB 1.18M/s 64KiB 649K/s 32KiB 310K/s 16KiB 179K/s 8KiB 844K/s 4KiB 982K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=3 2MiB 12.4M/s 1MiB 12.9M/s 512KiB 12.3M/s 256KiB 3.56M/s 128KiB 1.18M/s 64KiB 652K/s 32KiB 311K/s 16KiB 178K/s 8KiB 869K/s 4KiB 1M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=9 2MiB 10.4M/s 1MiB 12.6M/s 512KiB 12.1M/s 256KiB 3.54M/s 128KiB 1.18M/s 64KiB 647K/s 32KiB 310K/s 16KiB 180K/s 8KiB 820K/s 4KiB 928K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=10 2MiB 11.9M/s 1MiB 6.83M/s 512KiB 2.4M/s 256KiB 1.1M/s 128KiB 531K/s 64KiB 263K/s 32KiB 130K/s 16KiB 64.8K/s 8KiB 929K/s 4KiB 954K/s

14 years, 7 months

Kingston 4GB microSD part number: SDC4/4GB

by Andrew Bradford

Came with my BeagleBoard-xM purchased near the end of 2010. Card was previously used extensively. Repartitioned to be aligned to 4MiB before testing. # BeagleBoard-xM is my only home computer with a built-in MMC device: root@192:~/flashbench# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 02544d5341303447061111058e00aaf1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001d6f7f800a4000a1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 10/2010 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x6 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000002 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SA04G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x544d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800001000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x1111058e ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SA04G MODALIAS=mmc:block # All further tests done using Transcend USB2.0 reader andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1884 cylinders, 128 heads, 32 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 8192 7716863 7708672 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 1073741824 pre 2.06ms on 3.41ms post 2.24ms diff 1.26ms align 536870912 pre 2.09ms on 3.48ms post 2.31ms diff 1.28ms align 268435456 pre 2.09ms on 3.42ms post 2.27ms diff 1.24ms align 134217728 pre 2.09ms on 3.44ms post 2.26ms diff 1.27ms align 67108864 pre 1.94ms on 3.26ms post 2.25ms diff 1.17ms align 33554432 pre 2.07ms on 3.4ms post 2.24ms diff 1.25ms align 16777216 pre 2.04ms on 3.41ms post 2.24ms diff 1.27ms align 8388608 pre 1.9ms on 3.26ms post 2.24ms diff 1.19ms align 4194304 pre 1.93ms on 3.09ms post 2.07ms diff 1.09ms align 2097152 pre 2.06ms on 2.08ms post 2.05ms diff 25.4µs align 1048576 pre 2.08ms on 2.11ms post 2.08ms diff 32.4µs align 524288 pre 2.06ms on 2.09ms post 2.05ms diff 32.2µs align 262144 pre 2.06ms on 2.08ms post 2.07ms diff 21.5µs align 131072 pre 2.06ms on 2.09ms post 2.06ms diff 24.9µs align 65536 pre 2.07ms on 2.08ms post 2.06ms diff 14µs align 32768 pre 2.06ms on 2.09ms post 2.07ms diff 23.8µs align 16384 pre 2.06ms on 2.09ms post 2.06ms diff 32µs align 8192 pre 2.06ms on 2.08ms post 2.07ms diff 17.9µs align 4096 pre 2.05ms on 2.06ms post 2.07ms diff -7783ns align 2048 pre 2.07ms on 2.07ms post 2.07ms diff -4929ns # 4MiB erase block # 8KiB page andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 3.57M/s 2MiB 4.76M/s 1MiB 4.75M/s 512KiB 4.87M/s 256KiB 4.75M/s 128KiB 4.63M/s 64KiB 4.71M/s 32KiB 4.67M/s 16KiB 4.75M/s 8KiB 4.38M/s 4KiB 3.78M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 4.72M/s 2MiB 2.81M/s 1MiB 1.43M/s 512KiB 730K/s 256KiB 369K/s 128KiB 187K/s 64KiB 94.3K/s 32KiB 47.3K/s 16KiB 23.7K/s 8KiB 12K/s 4KiB 6.05K/s ## Only can have one open page at a time andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesi*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 3.45M/s 2MiB 3.22M/s 1MiB 2.87M/s 512KiB 1.15M/s 256KiB 453K/s 128KiB 280K/s 64KiB 142K/s 32KiB 77.7K/s 16KiB 38.4K/s 8KiB 19.5K/s 4KiB 9.79K/s ## Generally horrible at random andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --findfat --fat-nr=6 /dev/sdc --blocksize=$[8*1024] --random 4MiB 5.27M/s 2.77M/s 3.32M/s 4.81M/s 4.75M/s 4.7M/s 2MiB 4.48M/s 3.05M/s 1.53M/s 2.57M/s 2.63M/s 2.64M/s 1MiB 3.94M/s 3.39M/s 1.89M/s 1.79M/s 1.8M/s 1.78M/s 512KiB 2.59M/s 2.93M/s 943K/s 929K/s 930K/s 934K/s 256KiB 3.58M/s 3.4M/s 554K/s 556K/s 557K/s 556K/s 128KiB 1.64M/s 2.33M/s 249K/s 271K/s 271K/s 259K/s 64KiB 1.54M/s 1.56M/s 134K/s 134K/s 134K/s 134K/s 32KiB 751K/s 982K/s 74K/s 74.1K/s 74.2K/s 74.2K/s

14 years, 7 months

Samsung 4GB Class 4 microSD part number MB-MS4GA

by Andrew Bradford

Sorry if my previous few emails to the list came through with a www at the beginning of my domain. There were some DNS issues, they have been fixed. This was an interesting card. I'm not exactly sure what to make of the results. # BeagleBoard-xM is my only home computer with a built-in MMC device: root@192:~/flashbench# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d30303030301010a306a500bb51 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001d9b7f800a40003b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 11/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800000000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x10a306a5 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block # All further tests done using Transcend USB2.0 reader on my desktop andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1895 cylinders, 128 heads, 32 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 8192 7761919 7753728 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 1073741824 pre 1.3ms on 1.72ms post 1.41ms diff 366µs align 536870912 pre 1.31ms on 1.69ms post 1.41ms diff 336µs align 268435456 pre 1.29ms on 1.68ms post 1.42ms diff 325µs align 134217728 pre 1.19ms on 1.54ms post 1.33ms diff 274µs align 67108864 pre 1.19ms on 1.55ms post 1.32ms diff 292µs align 33554432 pre 1.18ms on 1.54ms post 1.32ms diff 286µs align 16777216 pre 1.19ms on 1.57ms post 1.32ms diff 312µs align 8388608 pre 1.21ms on 1.62ms post 1.37ms diff 331µs align 4194304 pre 1.16ms on 1.5ms post 1.31ms diff 268µs align 2097152 pre 1.18ms on 1.54ms post 1.35ms diff 277µs align 1048576 pre 1.16ms on 1.54ms post 1.32ms diff 301µs align 524288 pre 1.19ms on 1.36ms post 1.33ms diff 97µs align 262144 pre 1.19ms on 1.32ms post 1.33ms diff 58.9µs align 131072 pre 1.18ms on 1.39ms post 1.37ms diff 109µs align 65536 pre 1.2ms on 1.34ms post 1.33ms diff 78.7µs align 32768 pre 1.19ms on 1.35ms post 1.33ms diff 88.7µs align 16384 pre 1.17ms on 1.31ms post 1.3ms diff 76.4µs align 8192 pre 1.18ms on 1.3ms post 1.3ms diff 60.5µs align 4096 pre 1.24ms on 1.24ms post 1.22ms diff 6.35µs align 2048 pre 1.28ms on 1.28ms post 1.27ms diff 7.22µs # 1MiB erase block? # 8KiB page size andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[1*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 1MiB 3.08M/s 512KiB 1.88M/s 256KiB 1.91M/s 128KiB 1.98M/s 64KiB 1.88M/s 32KiB 1.95M/s 16KiB 1.93M/s 8KiB 1.94M/s 4KiB 1.72M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 4.44M/s 1MiB 4.14M/s 512KiB 4.43M/s 256KiB 4.32M/s 128KiB 4.42M/s 64KiB 4.16M/s 32KiB 4.42M/s 16KiB 4.36M/s 8KiB 4.35M/s 4KiB 3.64M/s # Makes me think 2MiB erase block is accurate, bumping to --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] has no effect. andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 3.99M/s 1MiB 4.34M/s 512KiB 4.23M/s 256KiB 4.25M/s 128KiB 3.93M/s 64KiB 3.78M/s 32KiB 3.31M/s 16KiB 2.14M/s 8KiB 2.11M/s 4KiB 995K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=3 2MiB 3.55M/s 1MiB 2.26M/s 512KiB 2.04M/s 256KiB 1.29M/s 128KiB 247K/s 64KiB 1.04M/s 32KiB 955K/s 16KiB 2.04M/s 8KiB 1.69M/s 4KiB 602K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=4 2MiB 3.8M/s 1MiB 2.3M/s 512KiB 894K/s 256KiB 447K/s 128KiB 221K/s 64KiB 112K/s 32KiB 205K/s 16KiB 1.27M/s 8KiB 1.15M/s 4KiB 652K/s # 1 open-au is good, 2 open-au is OK, 3 open-au is falling off fast. # In 3 and 4 open-au, I'm not sure why the slowdown at 32KiB and then the speed-up at 16KiB. Caching in the controller? andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 7.63M/s 1MiB 2.36M/s 512KiB 2.09M/s 256KiB 737K/s 128KiB 396K/s 64KiB 189K/s 32KiB 126K/s 16KiB 1.23M/s 8KiB 1.28M/s 4KiB 776K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 3.82M/s 1MiB 2.36M/s 512KiB 2.13M/s 256KiB 666K/s 128KiB 399K/s 64KiB 188K/s 32KiB 132K/s 16KiB 2.45M/s 8KiB 2.12M/s 4KiB 869K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --random --open-au-nr=3 2MiB 4.11M/s 1MiB 2.19M/s 512KiB 1.59M/s 256KiB 605K/s 128KiB 288K/s 64KiB 158K/s 32KiB 121K/s 16KiB 1.99M/s 8KiB 1.12M/s 4KiB 708K/s

14 years, 7 months

Amazon Basics 4GB Class 10 microSD part number: B0058GH3II

by Andrew Bradford

# BeagleBoard-xM is my only home computer with a built-in MMC device: root@192:~# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 2750485344303447300119bad200ba7d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001da77f800a40002d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 10/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x3 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000027 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SD04G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x5048 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800001000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x0119bad2 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SD04G MODALIAS=mmc:block # All further tests done using Transcend USB2.0 reader on my desktop andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1898 cylinders, 128 heads, 32 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 8192 7774207 7766016 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 1073741824 pre 2.1ms on 2.56ms post 2.07ms diff 475µs align 536870912 pre 1.96ms on 2.44ms post 1.97ms diff 479µs align 268435456 pre 2.01ms on 2.49ms post 2.01ms diff 482µs align 134217728 pre 2.09ms on 2.59ms post 2.03ms diff 529µs align 67108864 pre 2.05ms on 2.56ms post 1.99ms diff 536µs align 33554432 pre 2ms on 2.47ms post 2ms diff 465µs align 16777216 pre 2.02ms on 2.51ms post 2ms diff 502µs align 8388608 pre 2.03ms on 2.58ms post 2.02ms diff 552µs align 4194304 pre 1.93ms on 2.47ms post 1.99ms diff 508µs align 2097152 pre 1.94ms on 2.43ms post 1.96ms diff 484µs align 1048576 pre 1.96ms on 2.04ms post 1.94ms diff 89µs align 524288 pre 1.96ms on 2.01ms post 1.94ms diff 61.5µs align 262144 pre 1.94ms on 1.96ms post 1.93ms diff 24.4µs align 131072 pre 1.97ms on 2.03ms post 1.96ms diff 60.4µs align 65536 pre 1.95ms on 1.97ms post 1.93ms diff 28.7µs align 32768 pre 1.96ms on 2.03ms post 1.95ms diff 72.2µs align 16384 pre 1.94ms on 2.02ms post 1.94ms diff 79.1µs align 8192 pre 1.95ms on 2.04ms post 1.95ms diff 89.8µs align 4096 pre 1.94ms on 1.98ms post 1.95ms diff 37.2µs align 2048 pre 1.98ms on 2.01ms post 1.96ms diff 39µs # 2MiB erase block # 8KiB pages andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 12.9M/s 1MiB 12.6M/s 512KiB 12.2M/s 256KiB 11.7M/s 128KiB 12.3M/s 64KiB 12.5M/s 32KiB 12.3M/s 16KiB 12.3M/s 8KiB 9.98M/s 4KiB 6.36M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 12.7M/s 1MiB 4.84M/s 512KiB 1.79M/s 256KiB 815K/s 128KiB 393K/s 64KiB 194K/s 32KiB 96.3K/s 16KiB 48.4K/s 8KiB 24.1K/s 4KiB 12K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --random 2MiB 6.24M/s 1MiB 5.79M/s 512KiB 4.82M/s 256KiB 1.41M/s 128KiB 713K/s 64KiB 312K/s 32KiB 147K/s 16KiB 79.4K/s 8KiB 39.1K/s 4KiB 182K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 --random 2MiB 5.44M/s 1MiB 4.26M/s 512KiB 1.72M/s 256KiB 798K/s 128KiB 386K/s 64KiB 191K/s time_write: Input/output error 32KiB 96.7K/s time_write: Input/output error 16KiB 47.9K/s 8KiB 24K/s 4KiB 182K/s

14 years, 7 months

Kingston 4GB Class 10 microSD part number: SDC10/4GB

by Andrew Bradford

# BeagleBoard-xM is my only home computer with a built-in MMC device: root@192:~/flashbench# head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 4134325344344742300000011200ba39 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001da77f800a40002d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 10/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x3 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000041 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SD4GB ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x3432 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800001000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x00000112 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SD4GB MODALIAS=mmc:block # All further tests done using Transcend USB2.0 reader on my desktop # Partition table used for tests: andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo sfdisk -uS -l /dev/sdc Disk /dev/sdc: 1898 cylinders, 128 heads, 32 sectors/track Units = sectors of 512 bytes, counting from 0 Device Boot Start End #sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 8192 7774207 7766016 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) /dev/sdc2 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc3 0 - 0 0 Empty /dev/sdc4 0 - 0 0 Empty andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/sdc --blocksize=1024 --count=100 align 1073741824 pre 2.06ms on 2.58ms post 2.09ms diff 505µs align 536870912 pre 1.97ms on 2.45ms post 1.97ms diff 481µs align 268435456 pre 2.03ms on 2.52ms post 2.03ms diff 486µs align 134217728 pre 2.06ms on 2.59ms post 2.03ms diff 542µs align 67108864 pre 2.07ms on 2.62ms post 2.04ms diff 561µs align 33554432 pre 2.06ms on 2.5ms post 2.07ms diff 436µs align 16777216 pre 2.08ms on 2.6ms post 2.05ms diff 538µs align 8388608 pre 2.1ms on 2.64ms post 2.03ms diff 576µs align 4194304 pre 2.05ms on 2.57ms post 2.08ms diff 504µs align 2097152 pre 1.97ms on 2.47ms post 1.99ms diff 493µs align 1048576 pre 1.97ms on 2.1ms post 1.99ms diff 117µs align 524288 pre 2ms on 2.06ms post 2ms diff 59.2µs align 262144 pre 2ms on 2.06ms post 1.99ms diff 60µs align 131072 pre 1.99ms on 2.06ms post 1.99ms diff 74.3µs align 65536 pre 2.02ms on 2.06ms post 1.98ms diff 57.1µs align 32768 pre 2ms on 2.06ms post 2ms diff 64.2µs align 16384 pre 1.98ms on 2.07ms post 1.98ms diff 88.2µs align 8192 pre 1.99ms on 2.06ms post 1.99ms diff 71µs align 4096 pre 2ms on 2.03ms post 1.99ms diff 32.1µs align 2048 pre 1.99ms on 2.03ms post 1.99ms diff 39.6µs ## 2MiB erase block ## Why the drop again at 1MiB? ## 8KiB page andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 2MiB 13M/s 1MiB 12.5M/s 512KiB 12.4M/s 256KiB 11.1M/s 128KiB 11.9M/s 64KiB 12.4M/s 32KiB 12.3M/s 16KiB 12.4M/s 8KiB 10.2M/s 4KiB 6.26M/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=2 2MiB 12.6M/s 1MiB 4.72M/s 512KiB 1.79M/s 256KiB 818K/s 128KiB 395K/s 64KiB 195K/s 32KiB 96.7K/s 16KiB 48.2K/s 8KiB 24.1K/s 4KiB 12K/s andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/sdc --open-au --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[4*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --random 2MiB 13.2M/s 1MiB 6.02M/s 512KiB 4.8M/s 256KiB 1.39M/s 128KiB 725K/s 64KiB 315K/s 32KiB 148K/s 16KiB 80K/s 8KiB 39.5K/s 4KiB 19.6K/s ## Generally horrible at random andrew@bigbox:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench --findfat --fat-nr=6 /dev/sdc --blocksize=$[8*1024] --random 4MiB 2.58M/s 2.88M/s 6.1M/s 11.9M/s 11.3M/s 12.2M/s 2MiB 2.9M/s 2.73M/s 12.2M/s 11.6M/s 12.2M/s 12.4M/s 1MiB 2.58M/s 2.92M/s 4.72M/s 3.96M/s 3.9M/s 3.94M/s 512KiB 2.95M/s 2.62M/s 1.78M/s 1.33M/s 1.71M/s 1.72M/s 256KiB 1.74M/s 1.8M/s 934K/s 926K/s 925K/s 926K/s 128KiB 1.17M/s 1.19M/s 448K/s 447K/s 447K/s 448K/s 64KiB 743K/s 765K/s 213K/s 213K/s 213K/s 214K/s 32KiB 397K/s 410K/s 112K/s 113K/s 113K/s 113K/s

14 years, 7 months

pny 8GB class 10 SDHC

by Arnd Bergmann

==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d3030303030102b38208800b700 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900003b577f800a400000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 07/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800000000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x2b382088 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block 179 8 7778304 mmcblk0 179 9 7774208 mmcblk0p1 $ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize 1024 align 805306368 pre 799µs on 1.13ms post 754µs diff 349µs align 536870912 pre 901µs on 1.19ms post 817µs diff 332µs align 402653184 pre 816µs on 1.13ms post 771µs diff 341µs align 268435456 pre 901µs on 1.2ms post 830µs diff 332µs align 201326592 pre 786µs on 1.13ms post 749µs diff 359µs align 134217728 pre 887µs on 1.17ms post 820µs diff 317µs align 100663296 pre 804µs on 1.12ms post 755µs diff 344µs align 67108864 pre 908µs on 1.2ms post 840µs diff 330µs align 50331648 pre 805µs on 1.12ms post 757µs diff 341µs align 33554432 pre 847µs on 1.13ms post 797µs diff 311µs align 25165824 pre 774µs on 1.1ms post 753µs diff 338µs align 16777216 pre 756µs on 962µs post 744µs diff 212µs align 12582912 pre 715µs on 1.03ms post 752µs diff 297µs align 8388608 pre 746µs on 979µs post 746µs diff 232µs align 6291456 pre 714µs on 1.09ms post 779µs diff 342µs align 4194304 pre 758µs on 995µs post 783µs diff 224µs align 3145728 pre 672µs on 766µs post 767µs diff 46.3µs align 2097152 pre 731µs on 991µs post 769µs diff 241µs align 1572864 pre 672µs on 764µs post 761µs diff 48.2µs align 1048576 pre 672µs on 769µs post 775µs diff 45.2µs align 786432 pre 674µs on 766µs post 767µs diff 45.8µs align 524288 pre 660µs on 755µs post 771µs diff 39.5µs align 393216 pre 670µs on 767µs post 762µs diff 51.8µs align 262144 pre 667µs on 771µs post 778µs diff 48.7µs align 196608 pre 671µs on 768µs post 768µs diff 48.5µs align 131072 pre 659µs on 763µs post 771µs diff 47.8µs align 98304 pre 666µs on 765µs post 767µs diff 49µs align 65536 pre 658µs on 764µs post 776µs diff 47µs align 49152 pre 662µs on 760µs post 769µs diff 44.8µs align 32768 pre 670µs on 773µs post 769µs diff 53.5µs align 24576 pre 679µs on 761µs post 783µs diff 30µs align 16384 pre 680µs on 778µs post 781µs diff 47.5µs align 12288 pre 740µs on 732µs post 732µs diff -4351ns arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --findfat --fat-nr=5 --erasesize=$[8 * 1024 * 1024] 8MiB 4.55M/s 7.82M/s 7.76M/s 7.8M/s 7.81M/s 4MiB 7.79M/s 7.72M/s 7.68M/s 6.62M/s 7.79M/s 2MiB 7.75M/s 7.72M/s 7.71M/s 6.49M/s 7.71M/s 1MiB 7.77M/s 7.76M/s 7.7M/s 6.41M/s 7.75M/s 512KiB 7.8M/s 7.78M/s 7.76M/s 6.55M/s 7.8M/s 256KiB 7.7M/s 7.79M/s 7.76M/s 6.48M/s 7.7M/s 128KiB 7.75M/s 7.72M/s 7.71M/s 6.49M/s 7.56M/s 64KiB 7.75M/s 7.73M/s 7.7M/s 6.48M/s 7.74M/s 32KiB 5.79M/s 5.82M/s 5.79M/s 5.07M/s 5.79M/s 16KiB 3.72M/s 2.09M/s 2.67M/s 2.51M/s 1.62M/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --findfat --fat-nr=4 --erasesize=$[4 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize=1024 4MiB 7.76M/s 7.66M/s 7.65M/s 7.78M/s 2MiB 3.05M/s 5.53M/s 7.65M/s 7.77M/s 1MiB 2.36M/s 5.54M/s 7.68M/s 7.79M/s 512KiB 2.37M/s 5.53M/s 7.42M/s 7.78M/s 256KiB 3.58M/s 5.55M/s 7.67M/s 7.78M/s 128KiB 3.62M/s 5.54M/s 7.63M/s 7.76M/s 64KiB 7.74M/s 5.56M/s 7.66M/s 7.78M/s 32KiB 5.83M/s 4.48M/s 5.76M/s 5.84M/s 16KiB 3.68M/s 3.16M/s 2.11M/s 2.11M/s 8KiB 1.93M/s 1.08M/s 1.89M/s 1.36M/s 4KiB 814K/s 761K/s 927K/s 794K/s 2KiB 362K/s 442K/s 427K/s 402K/s 1KiB 217K/s 215K/s 224K/s 216K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=4 --erasesize=$[8 * 1024 * 1024] --random 8MiB 5.55M/s 4MiB 4.48M/s 2MiB 3.02M/s 1MiB 1.64M/s 512KiB 829K/s 512KiB 463K/s 256KiB 203K/s 128KiB 179K/s 64KiB 212K/s 32KiB 167K/s 16KiB 3.77M/s $ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=1 --erasesize=$[8 1024] --blocksize 512 8MiB 5.6M/s 4MiB 2.12M/s 2MiB 3.99M/s 1MiB 2.52M/s 512KiB 2.5M/s 256KiB 3.96M/s 128KiB 3.99M/s 64KiB 5.62M/s 32KiB 4.54M/s 16KiB 3.74M/s 8KiB 1.68M/s 4KiB 757K/s 2KiB 407K/s $ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=1 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 6MiB 7.63M/s 3MiB 4.45M/s 1.5MiB 4.43M/s 768KiB 2.38M/s 384KiB 2.39M/s 192KiB 3.11M/s 96KiB 4.05M/s 48KiB 6.16M/s 24KiB 4.11M/s 12KiB 1.86M/s 6KiB 1.14M/s 3KiB 527K/s 1.5KiB 314K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=1 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 6MiB 7.79M/s 3MiB 2.37M/s 1.5MiB 2.36M/s 768KiB 2.38M/s 384KiB 2.39M/s 192KiB 3.1M/s 96KiB 4.03M/s 48KiB 6.15M/s 24KiB 4.12M/s 12KiB 1.86M/s 6KiB 1.12M/s 3KiB 526K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=1 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] --random 6MiB 7.45M/s 3MiB 1.77M/s 1.5MiB 1.69M/s 768KiB 599K/s 384KiB 340K/s 192KiB 171K/s 96KiB 199K/s 48KiB 174K/s 24KiB 193K/s 12KiB 1.55M/s 6KiB 1.06M/s 3KiB 543K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=3 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] [sudo] password for arnd: 6MiB 7.39M/s 3MiB 4.44M/s 1.5MiB 2.96M/s 768KiB 2.31M/s 384KiB 1.61M/s 192KiB 1.53M/s 96KiB 1.13M/s 48KiB 1.14M/s 24KiB 1.11M/s 12KiB 1.25M/s 6KiB 921K/s ^rnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=6 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 6MiB 7.22M/s 3MiB 4.82M/s 1.5MiB 2.6M/s 768KiB 1.24M/s 384KiB 633K/s 192KiB 321K/s 96KiB 162K/s ^rnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=4 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 6MiB 5.07M/s 3MiB 5.05M/s 1.5MiB 2.73M/s 768KiB 1.25M/s 384KiB 640K/s ^rnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=2 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 6MiB 4.56M/s 3MiB 5.91M/s 1.5MiB 7.9M/s 768KiB 7.93M/s 384KiB 7.9M/s 192KiB 7.88M/s 96KiB 6.72M/s 48KiB 6.25M/s 24KiB 4.21M/s 12KiB 1.65M/s 6KiB 942K/s 3KiB 570K/s 1.5KiB 297K/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=2 --erasesize=$[6 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] --random 6MiB 7.73M/s 3MiB 5.75M/s 1.5MiB 5.06M/s 768KiB 1.99M/s 384KiB 1.12M/s 192KiB 512K/s ^rnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=2 --erasesize=$[3 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 3MiB 4.53M/s 1.5MiB 3.56M/s 768KiB 4.5M/s 384KiB 4.49M/s 192KiB 4.49M/s 96KiB 4.09M/s 48KiB 3.9M/s 24KiB 2.97M/s arnd@klappe2:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --open-au-nr=3 --erasesize=$[3 * 1024 * 1024] --blocksize 1536 --offset=$[64 * 1024 * 576] 3MiB 5.02M/s 1.5MiB 2.92M/s 768KiB 2.11M/s 384KiB 1.45M/s 192KiB 1.33M/s 96KiB 1.06M/s 48KiB 1.04M/s 24KiB 1.05M/s 12KiB 1.38M/s 6KiB 910K/s After removing the card, it was broken and could no longer be read...

14 years, 7 months

2026

2025

2024

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

2011

Flashbench-results February 2012