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SanDisk Extreme 8GB SDHC UHS-I class 10 SDSDX-008G-X46

by Andrew Bradford

## Somewhat underwhelming for a SanDisk card. andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 035344534430384780a11ce23a00c400 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900003b377f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 04/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x8 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000003 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SD08G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x5344 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800100000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0xa11ce23a ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SD08G MODALIAS=mmc:block andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 780µs on 885µs post 729µs diff 131µs align 1073741824 pre 788µs on 880µs post 729µs diff 122µs align 536870912 pre 793µs on 948µs post 728µs diff 188µs align 268435456 pre 785µs on 883µs post 726µs diff 127µs align 134217728 pre 787µs on 877µs post 728µs diff 120µs align 67108864 pre 774µs on 879µs post 727µs diff 129µs align 33554432 pre 788µs on 942µs post 725µs diff 185µs align 16777216 pre 787µs on 874µs post 724µs diff 118µs align 8388608 pre 924µs on 1.06ms post 723µs diff 238µs align 4194304 pre 1.02ms on 1.23ms post 1.01ms diff 215µs align 2097152 pre 821µs on 839µs post 814µs diff 21.4µs align 1048576 pre 820µs on 840µs post 813µs diff 23.7µs align 524288 pre 820µs on 842µs post 819µs diff 22.5µs align 262144 pre 818µs on 838µs post 813µs diff 22.5µs align 131072 pre 825µs on 839µs post 818µs diff 17.6µs align 65536 pre 823µs on 841µs post 817µs diff 20.6µs align 32768 pre 817µs on 834µs post 811µs diff 20.1µs align 16384 pre 819µs on 835µs post 812µs diff 19.7µs align 8192 pre 810µs on 810µs post 808µs diff 800ns align 4096 pre 814µs on 814µs post 819µs diff -2600ns align 2048 pre 813µs on 807µs post 809µs diff -3652ns ## 4MiB erase block ## 16KiB pages andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize=$[3*1024] align 1610612736 pre 912µs on 987µs post 898µs diff 82.2µs align 805306368 pre 909µs on 986µs post 894µs diff 84.7µs align 402653184 pre 906µs on 1.04ms post 893µs diff 139µs align 201326592 pre 906µs on 986µs post 895µs diff 85.2µs align 100663296 pre 908µs on 984µs post 895µs diff 82.5µs align 50331648 pre 905µs on 982µs post 895µs diff 82.1µs align 25165824 pre 904µs on 1.03ms post 889µs diff 137µs align 12582912 pre 872µs on 977µs post 895µs diff 93.5µs align 6291456 pre 1.07ms on 1.09ms post 1.07ms diff 17.7µs align 3145728 pre 978µs on 1ms post 981µs diff 22µs align 1572864 pre 980µs on 1.01ms post 989µs diff 27.2µs align 786432 pre 979µs on 1ms post 981µs diff 20.7µs align 393216 pre 978µs on 998µs post 982µs diff 18.3µs align 196608 pre 975µs on 1e+03µ post 986µs diff 19.1µs align 98304 pre 981µs on 997µs post 982µs diff 15.7µs align 49152 pre 974µs on 991µs post 978µs diff 15.6µs align 24576 pre 983µs on 982µs post 977µs diff 2.16µs align 12288 pre 976µs on 978µs post 979µs diff 92ns align 6144 pre 972µs on 985µs post 976µs diff 10.5µs ## 12 MiB might be significant, but probably not andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk0 | grep Disk Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 7948 MB, 7948206080 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ factor $[7948206080/1024] 7761920: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 5 379 ## So 12 MiB most likely isn't significant, no factor of 3 andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 -f --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] 4MiB 7.94M/s 3.35M/s 7.97M/s 8.02M/s 8.02M/s 8.03M/s 2MiB 8.03M/s 3.49M/s 7.91M/s 8.03M/s 8.01M/s 8.03M/s 1MiB 8.02M/s 3.48M/s 7.92M/s 8.02M/s 8.02M/s 8.03M/s 512KiB 8.01M/s 3.21M/s 7.97M/s 8.03M/s 8M/s 8.04M/s 256KiB 8M/s 3.32M/s 7.96M/s 7.98M/s 7.99M/s 8.02M/s 128KiB 7.98M/s 3.25M/s 7.86M/s 7.95M/s 7.94M/s 7.96M/s 64KiB 7.88M/s 3.44M/s 7.81M/s 7.88M/s 7.9M/s 7.91M/s 32KiB 7.15M/s 2.98M/s 7.18M/s 7.2M/s 7.16M/s 7.18M/s 16KiB 6.14M/s 2.3M/s 6.15M/s 6.2M/s 6.07M/s 6.1M/s ## Special fat area in 2nd erase block (4MiB to 8MiB) andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 8.03M/s 2MiB 8.05M/s 1MiB 4.27M/s 512KiB 2.49M/s 256KiB 7.35M/s 128KiB 7.85M/s 64KiB 7.87M/s 32KiB 7.1M/s 16KiB 6.21M/s ## The drop in speed at 1MiB and 512kiB is consistent, across runs. But only with 1 open-au. andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 8M/s 2MiB 7.98M/s 1MiB 7.99M/s 512KiB 7.98M/s 256KiB 7.97M/s 128KiB 7.92M/s 64KiB 7.84M/s 32KiB 7.03M/s 16KiB 5.99M/s andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=6 4MiB 8.04M/s 2MiB 8.01M/s 1MiB 8M/s 512KiB 7.99M/s 256KiB 7.98M/s 128KiB 7.93M/s 64KiB 7.82M/s 32KiB 7.07M/s 16KiB 6.08M/s andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=7 4MiB 8.02M/s 2MiB 5.22M/s 1MiB 2.39M/s 512KiB 1.18M/s 256KiB 597K/s 128KiB 4.54M/s 64KiB 7.8M/s 32KiB 7.06M/s 16KiB 5.94M/s ## 6 linear open-au. andrew@brick:~/git/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --random --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 8.05M/s 2MiB 3.78M/s 1MiB 2.25M/s 512KiB 1.07M/s 256KiB 539K/s 128KiB 428K/s 64KiB 402K/s ^C ## Rather poor random. -Andrew

14 years

Samsung 8GB microSDHC Plus class 10 MB-MP8GA

by Andrew Bradford

## Might be my new favorite microSD card. andrew@bradford:~$ head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 1b534d303030303010216696ca00c100 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900003c1d7f800a400000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 01/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x1 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x00001b ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== 00000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x534d ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800000000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x216696ca ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=00000 MODALIAS=mmc:block andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 --blocksize=1024 align 2147483648 pre 849µs on 1.13ms post 1.02ms diff 197µs align 1073741824 pre 877µs on 1.17ms post 1.04ms diff 216µs align 536870912 pre 799µs on 1.07ms post 1.03ms diff 155µs align 268435456 pre 773µs on 1.07ms post 1ms diff 184µs align 134217728 pre 782µs on 1.08ms post 1.03ms diff 172µs align 67108864 pre 800µs on 1.06ms post 1.02ms diff 148µs align 33554432 pre 778µs on 1.06ms post 1.02ms diff 158µs align 16777216 pre 745µs on 1.05ms post 1.01ms diff 171µs align 8388608 pre 775µs on 1.05ms post 1.01ms diff 154µs align 4194304 pre 786µs on 1.08ms post 1.02ms diff 177µs align 2097152 pre 761µs on 1.01ms post 1.02ms diff 116µs align 1048576 pre 771µs on 1.01ms post 1.01ms diff 114µs align 524288 pre 755µs on 983µs post 984µs diff 114µs align 262144 pre 754µs on 1.01ms post 1.02ms diff 126µs align 131072 pre 767µs on 1.02ms post 1.02ms diff 127µs align 65536 pre 762µs on 1ms post 1.02ms diff 113µs align 32768 pre 756µs on 1.01ms post 1.02ms diff 126µs align 16384 pre 759µs on 1.02ms post 1ms diff 144µs align 8192 pre 780µs on 1.03ms post 1.01ms diff 135µs align 4096 pre 885µs on 896µs post 878µs diff 14.5µs align 2048 pre 977µs on 970µs post 930µs diff 16.9µs ## 4MiB erase block. ## 8KiB page. andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 9.62M/s 2MiB 9.69M/s 1MiB 9.69M/s 512KiB 9.68M/s 256KiB 9.63M/s 128KiB 9.57M/s 64KiB 9.44M/s 32KiB 6.72M/s 16KiB 4.8M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 9.69M/s 2MiB 9.68M/s 1MiB 9.68M/s 512KiB 9.66M/s 256KiB 9.62M/s 128KiB 9.58M/s 64KiB 9.45M/s 32KiB 6.6M/s 16KiB 4.66M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=7 4MiB 8.07M/s 2MiB 8.04M/s 1MiB 9.05M/s 512KiB 9M/s 256KiB 8.96M/s 128KiB 8.86M/s 64KiB 8.68M/s 32KiB 5.86M/s 16KiB 3.92M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=8 4MiB 9.75M/s 2MiB 5.03M/s 1MiB 2.1M/s 512KiB 1.13M/s ^C ## 7 open-au linear andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[256*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=5 --offset=$[40*1024*1024] 4MiB 8.88M/s 2MiB 4.74M/s 1MiB 8.88M/s 512KiB 8.74M/s 256KiB 8.72M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[256*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=5 --offset=$[44*1024*1024] 4MiB 8.03M/s 2MiB 6.09M/s 1MiB 9.5M/s 512KiB 9.48M/s 256KiB 9.49M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[256*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=5 --offset=$[41*1024*1024] 4MiB 4.49M/s 2MiB 3.56M/s 1MiB 4.05M/s 512KiB 3.55M/s 256KiB 3.55M/s ## Looks to confirm 4MiB erase block andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 4.98M/s 2MiB 8.84M/s 1MiB 8.94M/s 512KiB 8.83M/s 256KiB 8.8M/s 128KiB 8.67M/s 64KiB 8.66M/s 32KiB 5.83M/s 16KiB 3.92M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=2 --random 4MiB 6.36M/s 2MiB 8.88M/s 1MiB 8.83M/s 512KiB 8.79M/s 256KiB 8.7M/s 128KiB 8.63M/s 64KiB 8.4M/s 32KiB 5.63M/s 16KiB 3.72M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=7 --random 4MiB 8.28M/s 2MiB 8.08M/s 1MiB 8.81M/s 512KiB 8.76M/s 256KiB 8.72M/s 128KiB 8.6M/s 64KiB 8.39M/s 32KiB 5.62M/s 16KiB 3.72M/s andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --open-au --blocksize=$[16*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --open-au-nr=8 --random 4MiB 8.13M/s 2MiB 4.23M/s 1MiB 2.19M/s 512KiB 1.15M/s ^C ## 7 random open-au! andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 -f --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] 4MiB 5.32M/s 9.69M/s 9.69M/s 9.69M/s 8.92M/s 9.68M/s 2MiB 9.69M/s 9.69M/s 9.68M/s 9.69M/s 4.75M/s 9.69M/s 1MiB 9.68M/s 9.69M/s 9.68M/s 9.68M/s 8.79M/s 9.68M/s 512KiB 9.67M/s 9.68M/s 9.67M/s 9.66M/s 8.83M/s 9.65M/s 256KiB 9.65M/s 9.63M/s 9.64M/s 9.67M/s 8.8M/s 9.65M/s 128KiB 9.58M/s 9.59M/s 9.57M/s 9.57M/s 8.62M/s 9.57M/s 64KiB 9.49M/s 9.45M/s 9.53M/s 9.5M/s 8.65M/s 9.47M/s 32KiB 6.73M/s 6.75M/s 6.74M/s 6.76M/s 5.84M/s 6.75M/s 16KiB 4.78M/s 4.78M/s 4.83M/s 4.78M/s 3.86M/s 4.78M/s ## No special fat area. andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/mmcblk0 | grep Disk Disk /dev/mmcblk0 doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 8068 MB, 8068792320 bytes Disk identifier: 0x5a5a5a5a andrew@bradford:~/flashbench$ factor 8068792320 8068792320: 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 5 19 ## Forgot to do that at the beginning. -Andrew

14 years

Re: [Flashbench] Transcend Ultimate 32GB Class 10 microSDHC TS32GUSDHC10

by Victor

>> Are you referring to the "essential" microSDHC 32GB (MB-MSBGA) that you >> mentioned in some previous post in the mailing list? > > Yes, that's the one. > >> What should be the the erase block size then? 1.5 MiB or some multiple? > > I think it's 8 GB, but it's trying very hard to hide this. I've lost its original partitioning and formatting and I'd be interested in having a raw copy of the first 17 MiB using dd or at least to know the details about the partitioning and formatting (it can be from the MB-MSBGA). Actually I'd like to partition it with a FAT32 and an ext4. Should I care about the C/H/S for partitioning or can I just ignore it? I plan to set the FAT32 partition with a cluster size of 32 KiB. If I understand well the partition should start at the 8 MiB offset and not the 4 MiB one, shoudn't it? And of course I'd set the right amount of reserved sectors so the data would start at the 16 MiB offset to keep it align with the erase block size of 8 MiB, right? I've also tried to see if there is any FAT area but it doesn't look to be the case here: $ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --findfat --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --fat-nr=10 2MiB 8.43M/s 8.92M/s 9.13M/s 8.81M/s 8.87M/s 9.01M/s 8.75M/s 8.97M/s 8.94M/s 8.62M/s 1MiB 8.68M/s 8.97M/s 8.63M/s 9.03M/s 9.01M/s 8.86M/s 8.81M/s 8.88M/s 8.91M/s 8.72M/s 512KiB 8.76M/s 8.93M/s 9.01M/s 8.71M/s 9M/s 8.59M/s 8.93M/s 8.92M/s 8.82M/s 8.58M/s 256KiB 8.8M/s 8.93M/s 9.03M/s 8.72M/s 8.84M/s 9.03M/s 8.63M/s 8.91M/s 8.92M/s 9.01M/s 128KiB 8.67M/s 8.87M/s 8.83M/s 8.77M/s 8.92M/s 8.9M/s 8.75M/s 8.93M/s 9.01M/s 9.03M/s 64KiB 8.68M/s 8.82M/s 8.88M/s 8.71M/s 8.94M/s 8.85M/s 8.74M/s 8.92M/s 8.72M/s 8.76M/s 32KiB 7.11M/s 7.13M/s 7.23M/s 7.22M/s 7.24M/s 7.46M/s 7.11M/s 7.33M/s 7.37M/s 7.42M/s 16KiB 4.58M/s 4.81M/s 4.75M/s 4.76M/s 4.77M/s 4.77M/s 4.7M/s 4.7M/s 4.8M/s 2.1M/s About the ext4, do you have any recommendation? I plan to make it start at an offset multiple of the erase block size. I've found some recommendations here: http://blogofterje.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/optimizing-fs-on-sd-card/ Thus I'm planning to format it that way: mkfs.ext4 -O ^has_journal -E stride=4,stripe-width=512 -b 4096 ### # TS32GUSDHC10 made in China # Beside that I'd like to share the results from another TS32GUSDHC10 that I have for now with a SanDisk controller. It looks comparable to the results for the SDSDU-032G-A11. I've run the tests from the Lenovo laptop. # # Label on front # 1208409555DEW BM MADE IN CHINA A06120 1881 # # Details # $ head /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/* ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block <== head: error reading `/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/cid <== 03534453553332478017ba22e200c300 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/csd <== 400e00325b590000edc87f800a404000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/date <== 03/2012 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver <== head: error reading `/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/driver': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/hwrev <== 0x8 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/manfid <== 0x000003 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/name <== SU32G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/oemid <== 0x5344 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power <== head: error reading `/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/power': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/scr <== 0235800100000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/serial <== 0x17ba22e2 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem <== head: error reading `/sys/block/mmcblk0/device/subsystem': Is a directory ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SU32G MODALIAS=mmc:block ## From the OEM ID we can guess it's a SanDisk: $ printf "\x"53"\x"44"\n" SD # # Size (blocks of 512 bytes) # $ cat /sys/block/mmcblk0/device/block/mmcblk0/size 62333952 # # Partitions # $ sudo fdisk /dev/mmcblk0 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/mmcblk0: 31.9 GB, 31914983424 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3880 cylinders, total 62333952 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/mmcblk0p1 8192 62333951 31162880 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) ## Note: It is with its original partitioning and formatting. # # Read benchmark # $ sudo ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk0 -b 1024 align 8589934592 pre 841µs on 881µs post 690µs diff 115µs align 4294967296 pre 885µs on 958µs post 693µs diff 169µs align 2147483648 pre 888µs on 950µs post 690µs diff 161µs align 1073741824 pre 789µs on 957µs post 690µs diff 218µs align 536870912 pre 844µs on 947µs post 693µs diff 179µs align 268435456 pre 845µs on 952µs post 692µs diff 183µs align 134217728 pre 809µs on 920µs post 688µs diff 172µs align 67108864 pre 832µs on 945µs post 690µs diff 184µs align 33554432 pre 893µs on 947µs post 689µs diff 156µs align 16777216 pre 820µs on 934µs post 681µs diff 184µs align 8388608 pre 767µs on 890µs post 663µs diff 176µs align 4194304 pre 718µs on 805µs post 652µs diff 120µs ## Erase block size? align 2097152 pre 659µs on 663µs post 663µs diff 2.26µs align 1048576 pre 658µs on 662µs post 664µs diff 809ns align 524288 pre 704µs on 806µs post 663µs diff 122µs align 262144 pre 660µs on 662µs post 660µs diff 2.11µs align 131072 pre 664µs on 660µs post 660µs diff -1346ns align 65536 pre 658µs on 664µs post 664µs diff 3.11µs align 32768 pre 664µs on 669µs post 661µs diff 6.67µs align 16384 pre 660µs on 662µs post 664µs diff 528ns align 8192 pre 665µs on 668µs post 664µs diff 3.6µs align 4096 pre 658µs on 660µs post 656µs diff 3.05µs align 2048 pre 662µs on 663µs post 663µs diff 35ns ## It looks like the erase block size is 4 MiB, which can be confirmed by the ## fact the FAT32 partition starts at the 4 MiB offset. # # FAT area # $ sudo ./flashbench /dev/mmcblk0 --findfat --erasesize=$[2*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --fat-nr=7 2MiB 13.6M/s 13.7M/s 5.92M/s 6.03M/s 5.45M/s 7.73M/s 13.7M/s 1MiB 5.83M/s 13.8M/s 5.41M/s 6.9M/s 6.27M/s 6.91M/s 13.7M/s 512KiB 12.3M/s 13.7M/s 6.82M/s 6.22M/s 5.99M/s 6.69M/s 13.7M/s 256KiB 11.5M/s 13.7M/s 5.21M/s 5.9M/s 5.7M/s 7.9M/s 13.7M/s 128KiB 13.1M/s 13.8M/s 5.88M/s 7.65M/s 5.88M/s 6.16M/s 13.6M/s 64KiB 13.5M/s 13.7M/s 7.35M/s 6M/s 7.2M/s 5.34M/s 13M/s 32KiB 11.9M/s 12M/s 6.3M/s 5.48M/s 5.73M/s 5.15M/s 12M/s 16KiB 9.68M/s 9.81M/s 4.71M/s 4.84M/s 4.7M/s 5.06M/s 9.75M/s ## FAT should be between 4 MiB and 12 MiB. ## That matches the details I can read from an hexdump -C against the disk ## about the FAT size and the number of reserved sectors to have the data ## starts at the 12 MiB offset. # # Write benchmark # ## It looks like the card can handle up to 11 concurrent 4 MiB blocks... $ sudo time ./flashbench --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --offset=$[40*1024*1024] /dev/mmcblk0 4MiB 13.7M/s 2MiB 13.2M/s 1MiB 12M/s 512KiB 12.7M/s 256KiB 12.7M/s 128KiB 13.4M/s 64KiB 13.5M/s 32KiB 11.9M/s 16KiB 9.68M/s real 0m3.568s user 0m0.212s sys 0m0.328s $ sudo time ./flashbench --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --open-au-nr=11 --offset=$[40*1024*1024] /dev/mmcblk0 4MiB 13.2M/s 2MiB 13.6M/s 1MiB 13.5M/s 512KiB 13.4M/s 256KiB 13.2M/s 128KiB 12.8M/s 64KiB 12.2M/s 32KiB 10M/s 16KiB 7.42M/s real 0m35.892s user 0m0.164s sys 0m0.488s $ sudo time ./flashbench --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --open-au-nr=12 --offset=$[40*1024*1024] /dev/mmcblk0 4MiB 9M/s 2MiB 10.5M/s 1MiB 8.45M/s 512KiB 8.46M/s 256KiB 8.25M/s 128KiB 8.11M/s 64KiB 9.39M/s 32KiB 8.06M/s 16KiB 6.52M/s real 0m54.451s user 0m0.240s sys 0m0.568s $ sudo time ./flashbench --open-au --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] --blocksize=$[16*1024] --open-au-nr=1 --offset=$[40*1024*1024] --random /dev/mmcblk0 4MiB 13.7M/s 2MiB 13M/s 1MiB 12.1M/s 512KiB 5.64M/s 256KiB 3.01M/s 128KiB 2.32M/s 64KiB 2.23M/s 32KiB 1.22M/s 16KiB 590K/s real 0m17.887s user 0m0.200s sys 0m0.352s - Victor

14 years

Help me make sense of the numbers please

by Gerald Livingston

Patriot LX Series 16GB Class 10 PSF16GSDHC10-PC The 32GB version is already in the table but I can't be sure the boundaries would be the same. I'm trying to follow this tutorial to optimize the ext4 partition on one of these for use in a Raspberry Pi. I also require a small vfat (about 40MB) partition at the beginning for /boot. http://blogofterje.wordpress.com/2012/01/14/optimizing-fs-on-sd-card/ If anyone can make sense of the attached numbers could you tell me what boundary to set the partition on and the stripe/stride numbers to use. Or explain to me how I can get more meaningful numbers with flashbench for inclusion of this card in the table? thanks, Gerald

14 years

Write size of sdcard

by preetham

Hi, I was wondering if there is a way to determine the write size and page size using flashbench as per the data in the table in the below link? https://wiki.linaro.org/WorkingGroups/Kernel/Projects/FlashCardSurvey?actio… Thanks, Preetham

14 years

SD Card OEM information.

by preetham

Hi, Is there a way where I can grab OEM and other information from /dev/sdc1? It seems like most information can be extracted from /dev/mmc,,./devices*. I was wondering if I could extract the same information from sdc1? Thanks, Preetham

14 years

Fw: SMB VoIP Products

by Melissa

Hello %{CURRENT_RCPTNAME} Shipping and invoice information is correct, UPS account and service is correct. Invoice amount as wire transfer correct (do not change). I hope you finally send goods today Good luck to you ASDf álvaro Rios Sandoval Enviado desde mi equipo móvil %{CURRENT_ADVVAR1} %{CURRENT_CURRTIME}

14 years

Smallest Android 4.0 TV box

by Cngking

To ensure delivery of these Emails to your inbox, please add gwenzhan(a)gk-ing.com to your email address book. Dear Friend: New product the Smallest Android 4.0 TV box price $42.00/pcs WIFI support:you can easily surf internet, enjoy all internet sources with your TV. Video：1080P movie，support RMVB，ASF、AVI、MP4、WMV etc form. Music：Support MP3、WAV etc form. HD Picture：Support BMP、JPG、PNG、GIF form. Live Video：Visit web with HD video and enjoy live video. Live music：Enjoy latest popular music. External Memory: Connect U flash,HDD or SD per USB interface. HDMI Output：HDMI output Video/Audio signal to TV device. Simple Operation: Support Remote control and Mouse operation. More details pls http://www.gk-ing.com/product/316.html Any question pls feel free to let us know. Regards/Gwen G&K.Ing "We make miracle" ? Add:Rm 703.KingLihua Commercial Building,YiYuan Road,Bao"an ,ShenZhen,China Tel: 86(0)755 22208877 Fax:86(0)755 22141877 Website: www.gk-ing.com If you don't want to receive these Emails, please click unsubscribe.

14 years, 1 month

Sandsik micro SDHC "I" 4GB

by Venkatraman S

[root@buildroot mmc1]#head /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/block <==mmcblk1/device/* 2>/dev/null | grep -v ^$ ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/cid <== 035344535530344780114a9d6000b967 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/csd <== 400e00325b5900001d8a7f800a4040b9 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/date <== 09/2011 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/driver <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/erase_size <== 512 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/fwrev <== 0x0 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/hwrev <== 0x8 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/manfid <== 0x000003 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/name <== SU04G ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/oemid <== 0x5344 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/power <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/preferred_erase_size <== 4194304 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/scr <== 0235800100000000 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/serial <== 0x114a9d60 ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/subsystem <== ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/type <== SD ==> /sys/block/mmcblk1/device/uevent <== DRIVER=mmcblk MMC_TYPE=SD MMC_NAME=SU04G MODALIAS=mmc:block [root@buildroot mmc1]# ./flashbench -a /dev/mmcblk1 --blocksize=1024 align 1073741824 pre 1.16ms on 1.36ms post 1.07ms diff 248µs align 536870912 pre 1.1ms on 1.33ms post 990µs diff 279µs align 268435456 pre 1.12ms on 1.33ms post 1.02ms diff 259µs align 134217728 pre 1.22ms on 1.46ms post 1.09ms diff 307µs align 67108864 pre 1.21ms on 1.46ms post 1.08ms diff 312µs align 33554432 pre 1.27ms on 1.54ms post 1.11ms diff 351µs align 16777216 pre 1.19ms on 1.47ms post 1.07ms diff 344µs align 8388608 pre 1.13ms on 1.4ms post 1.08ms diff 294µs align 4194304 pre 1.01ms on 1.23ms post 1ms diff 227µs align 2097152 pre 1.02ms on 1.14ms post 1.02ms diff 122µs align 1048576 pre 1.06ms on 1.18ms post 1.06ms diff 120µs align 524288 pre 1.06ms on 1.18ms post 1.06ms diff 124µs align 262144 pre 1.06ms on 1.18ms post 1.06ms diff 118µs align 131072 pre 1.06ms on 1.17ms post 1.06ms diff 116µs align 65536 pre 1.01ms on 1.12ms post 1.01ms diff 116µs align 32768 pre 1.06ms on 1.19ms post 1.09ms diff 120µs align 16384 pre 1.06ms on 1.22ms post 1.06ms diff 159µs align 8192 pre 1.07ms on 1.12ms post 1.07ms diff 52.3µs align 4096 pre 1.07ms on 1.12ms post 1.06ms diff 50.1µs align 2048 pre 1.07ms on 1.12ms post 1.07ms diff 48µs ##4MB Erase block size, 8KB pages [root@buildroot ~]# ./openau.sh ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=1 4MiB 2.5M/s 2MiB 7.27M/s 1MiB 3.94M/s 512KiB 4.37M/s 256KiB 17M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=2 4MiB 6.42M/s 2MiB 20M/s 1MiB 19.2M/s 512KiB 19.1M/s 256KiB 18.2M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=3 4MiB 6.78M/s 2MiB 6.26M/s 1MiB 19.2M/s 512KiB 19.2M/s 256KiB 18.2M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=4 4MiB 11.6M/s 2MiB 4.94M/s 1MiB 9.83M/s 512KiB 7.49M/s 256KiB 7.38M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=5 4MiB 9.32M/s 2MiB 9.03M/s 1MiB 3.71M/s 512KiB 3.68M/s 256KiB 3.51M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=6 4MiB 6.07M/s 2MiB 3.12M/s 1MiB 2.37M/s 512KiB 3.04M/s 256KiB 2.92M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=7 4MiB 4.53M/s 2MiB 2.83M/s 1MiB 1.97M/s 512KiB 2.16M/s 256KiB 3.04M/s ##Difficult to comprehend results here. Try with --random [root@buildroot ~]# ./openau.sh --random ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=1 --random 4MiB 2.62M/s 2MiB 6.15M/s 1MiB 3.75M/s 512KiB 4.3M/s 256KiB 9.04M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=2 --random 4MiB 6.21M/s 2MiB 19.9M/s 1MiB 19.4M/s 512KiB 17.8M/s 256KiB 9.2M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=3 --random 4MiB 8.62M/s 2MiB 19.9M/s 1MiB 19.2M/s 512KiB 17.7M/s 256KiB 9.21M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=4 --random 4MiB 6.87M/s 2MiB 11.2M/s 1MiB 10.2M/s 512KiB 4.9M/s 256KiB 3.94M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=5 --random 4MiB 6.47M/s 2MiB 4.42M/s 1MiB 3.73M/s 512KiB 3.02M/s 256KiB 1.52M/s ++ ./flashbench -O --erasesize=4194304 --blocksize=262144 /dev/mmcblk1 --open-au-nr=6 --random 4MiB 5.12M/s 2MiB 3.14M/s 1MiB 2.17M/s 512KiB 1.7M/s 256KiB 1.1M/s ##Much better. open-au = 3 ? [root@buildroot ~]#./flashbench --findfat --fat-nr=6 /dev/mmcblk1 --blocksize=$[8*1024] --erasesize=$[4*1024*1024] 4MiB 20.4M/s 6.67M/s 10M/s 5.26M/s 18.1M/s 5.28M/s 2MiB 5.12M/s 6.62M/s 9.83M/s 5.26M/s 18.1M/s 5.23M/s 1MiB 5.06M/s 6.32M/s 9.84M/s 5.23M/s 17.8M/s 5.09M/s 512KiB 5.02M/s 6.31M/s 9.81M/s 5.2M/s 17.4M/s 5.19M/s 256KiB 4.97M/s 6.12M/s 10.1M/s 5.14M/s 17.4M/s 5.14M/s 128KiB 4.87M/s 5.7M/s 10.8M/s 5.03M/s 16.6M/s 5.01M/s 64KiB 4.76M/s 4.93M/s 13.2M/s 4.85M/s 16M/s 4.84M/s 32KiB 4.48M/s 4.52M/s 12.7M/s 4.52M/s 13.8M/s 4.51M/s 16KiB 3.92M/s 3.81M/s 9.46M/s 3.97M/s 9.66M/s 3.94M/s 8KiB 2.97M/s 2.88M/s 5.26M/s 2.96M/s 5.25M/s 2.93M/s ##Once more 4MiB 5.28M/s 16.8M/s 20.6M/s 20.4M/s 5.26M/s 5.1M/s 2MiB 5.09M/s 17M/s 20.7M/s 5.28M/s 5.13M/s 5.1M/s 1MiB 5.1M/s 17.8M/s 19.7M/s 5.22M/s 5.07M/s 5.09M/s 512KiB 5.03M/s 16.5M/s 19.2M/s 5.23M/s 5.09M/s 5.08M/s 256KiB 5M/s 16.3M/s 18.8M/s 5.17M/s 5M/s 5.03M/s 128KiB 4.9M/s 15.5M/s 17.7M/s 4.98M/s 4.91M/s 4.96M/s 64KiB 4.76M/s 14.4M/s 16.2M/s 4.86M/s 4.83M/s 4.86M/s 32KiB 4.51M/s 12.3M/s 13.8M/s 4.54M/s 4.55M/s 4.5M/s 16KiB 3.96M/s 8.69M/s 9.59M/s 3.98M/s 3.98M/s 3.92M/s 8KiB 2.96M/s 4.96M/s 5.24M/s 2.95M/s 2.99M/s 2.96M/s ##FAT table area is just in the 2nd and 3rd Erase block (8MB) ?

14 years, 1 month

flashbench result Transcend TS32GSSD18M-M (32GB MLC SATA/USB)

by Andreas Mohr

Hi, ./flashbench -a /dev/sdb2 --blocksize=1024 align 8589934592 pre 371µs on 736µs post 370µs diff 365µs align 4294967296 pre 371µs on 739µs post 370µs diff 368µs align 2147483648 pre 370µs on 737µs post 371µs diff 366µs align 1073741824 pre 370µs on 740µs post 371µs diff 370µs align 536870912 pre 371µs on 740µs post 369µs diff 370µs align 268435456 pre 371µs on 752µs post 371µs diff 381µs align 134217728 pre 371µs on 739µs post 370µs diff 368µs align 67108864 pre 370µs on 738µs post 369µs diff 368µs align 33554432 pre 389µs on 741µs post 370µs diff 361µs align 16777216 pre 387µs on 737µs post 370µs diff 359µs align 8388608 pre 370µs on 738µs post 370µs diff 368µs align 4194304 pre 371µs on 736µs post 371µs diff 365µs align 2097152 pre 384µs on 736µs post 370µs diff 359µs align 1048576 pre 389µs on 736µs post 371µs diff 356µs align 524288 pre 370µs on 734µs post 370µs diff 364µs align 262144 pre 371µs on 735µs post 370µs diff 364µs align 131072 pre 384µs on 734µs post 369µs diff 358µs align 65536 pre 404µs on 737µs post 371µs diff 349µs align 32768 pre 401µs on 743µs post 369µs diff 358µs align 16384 pre 405µs on 485µs post 370µs diff 97.1µs align 8192 pre 383µs on 439µs post 371µs diff 61.5µs align 4096 pre 372µs on 415µs post 370µs diff 44.2µs align 2048 pre 404µs on 425µs post 371µs diff 37.1µs So, this appears to indicate that the erase block size of Transcend TS32GSSD18M-M is 32kB. Thanks for a very useful tool, Andreas Mohr

14 years, 1 month

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